12 clinical profiles of patients in whom it is worth to consider the use of candesartan Review article
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Published:
Dec 31, 2023
Keywords:
candesartan, arterial hypertension, cardiovascular risk
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Abstract
According to current Polish and European guidelines, angiotensin II AT1 receptor antagonists belong to the main groups of drugs used in the treatment of hypertension. Many studies have shown that sartans reduce the risk of hypertension complications, have a beneficial effect on the metabolic profile, vascular changes, and kidney function and furthermore are the best-tolerated class of antihypertensive drugs. The article presents examples of the use of candesartan in the treatment of hypertension, paying particular attention to its antihypertensive effectiveness, safety of use in elderly patients, beneficial effect on heart failure, migraine headaches and left ventricular hypertrophy.
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How to Cite
Barylski , M. (2023). 12 clinical profiles of patients in whom it is worth to consider the use of candesartan. Medycyna Faktow (J EBM), 16(4(61), 320-327. https://doi.org/10.24292/01.MF.0423.05
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References
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2. Julius S, Nesbitt SD, Egan BM et al. Feasibility of treating prehypertension with an angiotensin receptor blocker. N Engl J Med. 2006; 354: 1685-97.
3. Easthope SE, Jarvis B. Candesartan cilexetil: an update of its use in essential hypertension. Drugs. 2002; 62: 1253-87.
4. Khawaja Z, Wilcox CS. An overview of candesartan in clinical practice. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2011; 9: 975-82.
5. Ross A, Papademetriou V. Candesartan cilexetil in cardiovascular disease. Exp Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2004; 2: 829-35.
6. McInnes GT, O’Kane KP, Jonker J et al. The efficacy and tolerability of candesartan cilexetil in an elderly hypertensive population. J Hum Hypertens. 1997; 11(suppl 2): S75-S80.
7. Himmelmann A, Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi S, Wester A et al. The effect duration of candesartan cilexetil once daily, in comparison with enalapril once daily, in patients with mild to moderate hypertension. Blood Press. 2001; 10: 43-51.
8. Bakris G, Gradman A, Reif M et al. Antihypertensive efficacy of candesartan in comparison to losartan: the CLAIM study. J Clin Hypertens. 2001; 3: 16-21.
9. Vidt DG, White WB, Ridley E et al. A forced titration study of antihypertensive efficacy of candesartan cilexetil in comparison to losartan: CLAIM Study II. J Hum Hypertens. 2001; 15: 475-80.
10. Zheng Z, Shi H, Jia J et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of candesartan and losartan in the management of essential hypertension. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2011; 12: 365-74.
11. Ozaki N, Nomura Y, Sobajima H et al. Comparison of the effects of three angiotensin II receptor type 1 blockers on metabolic parameters in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Eur J Intern Med. 2010; 21: 236-9.
12. Kloner RA, Weinberger M, Poole JL et al. Comparative effects of candesartan cilexetil and amlodipine in patients with mild systemic hypertension. Am J Cardiol. 2001; 87: 727-31.
13. Eguchi K. Comparison of candesartan with lisinopril on ambulatory blood pressure and morning surge in patients with systemic hypertension. Am J Cardiol. 2003; 92: 621-4.
14. Melian EB, Jarvis B. Candesartan cilexetil plus hydrochlorothiazide combination: a review of its use in hypertension. Drugs. 2002; 62: 787-816.
15. Edes I. Combination therapy with candesartan cilexetil 32 mg and hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg provides the full additive antihypertensive effect of the components: a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study in primary care. Clin Drug Invest. 2009; 29: 293-304.
16. Bönner G. Antihypertensive efficacy and tolerability of candesartan-hydrochlorothiazide 32/12.5 mg and 32/25 mg in patients not optimally controlled with candesartan monotherapy. Blood Press. 2008; 17(suppl 2): 22-30.
17. Koenig W. Comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of combination tablets containing candesartan cilexetil and hydrochlorothiazide or losartan and hydrochlorothiazide in patients with moderate to severe hypertension: results of the CARLOS-Study. Clin Drug Invest. 2000; 19: 239-46.
18. Bönner G, Fuchs W. Fixed combination of candesartan with hydrochlorothiazide in patients with severe primary hypertension. Curr Med Res Opin. 2004; 20: 597-602.
19. Tronvik E, Stovner LJ, Helde G et al. Prophylactic treatment of migraine with an angiotensin II receptor blocker: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2003; 289: 65-9.
20. Szczepaniak-Chicheł L. Kandesartan. In: Szczepaniak-Chicheł L, Tykarski A (ed). Biblioteka czasopisma Nadciśnienie Tętnicze. Via Medica, Gdańsk 2009: 1-56.
21. Ogihara T, Nakao K, Fukui T et al. Effects of candesartan compared with amlodipine in hypertensive patients with high cardiovascular risks. Candesartan Antihypertensive Survival Evaluation in Japan trial. Hypertension. 2008; 51: 393-8.
22. Cuspidi C, Muiesan ML, Valagussa L et al.; CATCH investigators. Comparative effects of candesartan and enalapril on left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with essential hypertension: the candesartan assessment in the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy (CATCH) study. J Hypertens. 2002; 20: 2293-300.
23. Barrios V, Escobar C, Calderón A et al. Regression of left ventricular hypertrophy by a candesartan-based regimen in clinical practice. The VIPE study. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2006; 7: 236-42.
24. Wożakowska-Kapłon B, Gorczyca-Michta I. Terapia nadciśnienia tętniczego – kiedy warto wybrać kandesartan? Choroby Serca i Naczyń. 2013; 10(6): 301-8.
25. Papademetriou V, Farsang C, Elmfeldt D et al. Stroke prevention with the angiotensin II type 1-receptor blocker candesartan in elderly patients with isolated systolic hypertension: the Study on Cognition and Prognosis in the Elderly (SCOPE). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004; 44: 1175-80.
26. Zanchetti A, Elmfeldt D. Findings and implications of the Study on Cognition and Prognosis in the Elderly (SCOPE) – a review. Blood Press. 2006; 15: 71-9.
27. Hajjar I, Hart M, Chen Y-L et al. Effect of antihypertensive therapy on cognitive function in early executive cognitive impairment: a double-blind randomized clinical trial. Arch Intern Med. 2012; 172: 442-4.
28. Lindholm LH, Persson M, Alaupovic P et al. Metabolic outcome during 1 year in newly detected hypertensives: results of the Antihypertensive Treatment and Lipid Profile in a North of Sweden Efficacy Evaluation (ALPINE study). J Hypertens. 2003; 21: 1563-74.
29. Pfeffer MA, Swedberg K, Granger CB et al. Effects of candesartan on mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic heart failure: the CHARM-Overall Programme. Lancet. 2003; 362: 759-66.
30. Grassi G, Seravalle G, Dell’Oro R et al. Comparative effects of candesartan and hydrochlorothiazide on blood pressure, insulin sensitivity and sympathetic drive in obese hypertensive individuals: results of the CROSS Study. J Hypertens. 2003; 21: 1761-9.
31. Bilous R, Chaturvedi N, Sjolie AK et al. Effect of candesartan on microalbuminuria and albumin excretion rate in diabetes: three randomized trials. Ann Intern Med. 2009; 151: 11-20.
32. Tamura Y, Kosuga M, Yamashita M et al. Renoprotective effects of angiotensin II receptor blocker, candesartan cilexetil, in patients with stage 4-5 chronic kidney disease. Clin Exp Nephrol. 2008; 12: 256-63.
33. Ducharme A, Swedberg K, Pfeffer MA et al. Prevention of atrial fibrillation in patients with symptomatic chronic heart failure by candesartan in the Candesartan Heart Failure: Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and Morbidity (CHARM) program. Am Heart J. 2006; 151: 86-92.
34. Kasanuki H, Hagiwara N, Hosoda S et al. Angiotensin II receptor blocker-based vs. non-angiotensin II receptor blocker-based therapy in patients with angiographically documented coronary artery disease and hypertension: the Heart Institute of Japan Candesartan Randomized Trial for Evaluation in Coronary Artery Disease (HIJ-CREATE). Eur Heart J. 2009; 30: 1203-12.
35. Schrader J, Luders S, Kuschewski A et al. The ACCESS study: evaluation of acute candesartan cilexetil therapy in stroke survivors. Stroke. 2003; 34: 1699-703.
36. Yusuf S, Pfeffer MA, Swedberg K et al. Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and preserved left ventricular systolic function: the CHARM-Preserved trial. Lancet. 2003; 362: 777-81.
37. McMurray JJ, Ostergren J, Swedberg K et al. Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced left ventricular systolic function treated with an ACE inhibitor: the CHARM-Added trial. Lancet. 2003; 362: 767-71.
38. Granger CB, McMurray JJ, Yusuf S et al. Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced left ventricular systolic function and intolerant to ACE inhibitors: the CHARM-Alternative Trial. Lancet. 2003; 362: 772-6.
39. Riegger GAJ, Bouzo H, Petr P et al. Improvement in Exercise Tolerance and Symptoms of Congestive Heart Failure During Treatment with Candesartan Cilexetil (STRETCH). Circulation. 1999; 100: 2224-30.
40. Tykarski A, Filipiak KJ, Januszewicz A et al. Zasady postępowania w nadciśnieniu tętniczym – 2019 rok. Wytyczne Polskiego Towarzystwa Nadciśnienia Tętniczego. Nadciśnienie Tętnicze w Praktyce. 2019; 5(1): 1-84.
2. Julius S, Nesbitt SD, Egan BM et al. Feasibility of treating prehypertension with an angiotensin receptor blocker. N Engl J Med. 2006; 354: 1685-97.
3. Easthope SE, Jarvis B. Candesartan cilexetil: an update of its use in essential hypertension. Drugs. 2002; 62: 1253-87.
4. Khawaja Z, Wilcox CS. An overview of candesartan in clinical practice. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2011; 9: 975-82.
5. Ross A, Papademetriou V. Candesartan cilexetil in cardiovascular disease. Exp Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2004; 2: 829-35.
6. McInnes GT, O’Kane KP, Jonker J et al. The efficacy and tolerability of candesartan cilexetil in an elderly hypertensive population. J Hum Hypertens. 1997; 11(suppl 2): S75-S80.
7. Himmelmann A, Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi S, Wester A et al. The effect duration of candesartan cilexetil once daily, in comparison with enalapril once daily, in patients with mild to moderate hypertension. Blood Press. 2001; 10: 43-51.
8. Bakris G, Gradman A, Reif M et al. Antihypertensive efficacy of candesartan in comparison to losartan: the CLAIM study. J Clin Hypertens. 2001; 3: 16-21.
9. Vidt DG, White WB, Ridley E et al. A forced titration study of antihypertensive efficacy of candesartan cilexetil in comparison to losartan: CLAIM Study II. J Hum Hypertens. 2001; 15: 475-80.
10. Zheng Z, Shi H, Jia J et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of candesartan and losartan in the management of essential hypertension. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2011; 12: 365-74.
11. Ozaki N, Nomura Y, Sobajima H et al. Comparison of the effects of three angiotensin II receptor type 1 blockers on metabolic parameters in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Eur J Intern Med. 2010; 21: 236-9.
12. Kloner RA, Weinberger M, Poole JL et al. Comparative effects of candesartan cilexetil and amlodipine in patients with mild systemic hypertension. Am J Cardiol. 2001; 87: 727-31.
13. Eguchi K. Comparison of candesartan with lisinopril on ambulatory blood pressure and morning surge in patients with systemic hypertension. Am J Cardiol. 2003; 92: 621-4.
14. Melian EB, Jarvis B. Candesartan cilexetil plus hydrochlorothiazide combination: a review of its use in hypertension. Drugs. 2002; 62: 787-816.
15. Edes I. Combination therapy with candesartan cilexetil 32 mg and hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg provides the full additive antihypertensive effect of the components: a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study in primary care. Clin Drug Invest. 2009; 29: 293-304.
16. Bönner G. Antihypertensive efficacy and tolerability of candesartan-hydrochlorothiazide 32/12.5 mg and 32/25 mg in patients not optimally controlled with candesartan monotherapy. Blood Press. 2008; 17(suppl 2): 22-30.
17. Koenig W. Comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of combination tablets containing candesartan cilexetil and hydrochlorothiazide or losartan and hydrochlorothiazide in patients with moderate to severe hypertension: results of the CARLOS-Study. Clin Drug Invest. 2000; 19: 239-46.
18. Bönner G, Fuchs W. Fixed combination of candesartan with hydrochlorothiazide in patients with severe primary hypertension. Curr Med Res Opin. 2004; 20: 597-602.
19. Tronvik E, Stovner LJ, Helde G et al. Prophylactic treatment of migraine with an angiotensin II receptor blocker: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2003; 289: 65-9.
20. Szczepaniak-Chicheł L. Kandesartan. In: Szczepaniak-Chicheł L, Tykarski A (ed). Biblioteka czasopisma Nadciśnienie Tętnicze. Via Medica, Gdańsk 2009: 1-56.
21. Ogihara T, Nakao K, Fukui T et al. Effects of candesartan compared with amlodipine in hypertensive patients with high cardiovascular risks. Candesartan Antihypertensive Survival Evaluation in Japan trial. Hypertension. 2008; 51: 393-8.
22. Cuspidi C, Muiesan ML, Valagussa L et al.; CATCH investigators. Comparative effects of candesartan and enalapril on left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with essential hypertension: the candesartan assessment in the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy (CATCH) study. J Hypertens. 2002; 20: 2293-300.
23. Barrios V, Escobar C, Calderón A et al. Regression of left ventricular hypertrophy by a candesartan-based regimen in clinical practice. The VIPE study. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2006; 7: 236-42.
24. Wożakowska-Kapłon B, Gorczyca-Michta I. Terapia nadciśnienia tętniczego – kiedy warto wybrać kandesartan? Choroby Serca i Naczyń. 2013; 10(6): 301-8.
25. Papademetriou V, Farsang C, Elmfeldt D et al. Stroke prevention with the angiotensin II type 1-receptor blocker candesartan in elderly patients with isolated systolic hypertension: the Study on Cognition and Prognosis in the Elderly (SCOPE). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004; 44: 1175-80.
26. Zanchetti A, Elmfeldt D. Findings and implications of the Study on Cognition and Prognosis in the Elderly (SCOPE) – a review. Blood Press. 2006; 15: 71-9.
27. Hajjar I, Hart M, Chen Y-L et al. Effect of antihypertensive therapy on cognitive function in early executive cognitive impairment: a double-blind randomized clinical trial. Arch Intern Med. 2012; 172: 442-4.
28. Lindholm LH, Persson M, Alaupovic P et al. Metabolic outcome during 1 year in newly detected hypertensives: results of the Antihypertensive Treatment and Lipid Profile in a North of Sweden Efficacy Evaluation (ALPINE study). J Hypertens. 2003; 21: 1563-74.
29. Pfeffer MA, Swedberg K, Granger CB et al. Effects of candesartan on mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic heart failure: the CHARM-Overall Programme. Lancet. 2003; 362: 759-66.
30. Grassi G, Seravalle G, Dell’Oro R et al. Comparative effects of candesartan and hydrochlorothiazide on blood pressure, insulin sensitivity and sympathetic drive in obese hypertensive individuals: results of the CROSS Study. J Hypertens. 2003; 21: 1761-9.
31. Bilous R, Chaturvedi N, Sjolie AK et al. Effect of candesartan on microalbuminuria and albumin excretion rate in diabetes: three randomized trials. Ann Intern Med. 2009; 151: 11-20.
32. Tamura Y, Kosuga M, Yamashita M et al. Renoprotective effects of angiotensin II receptor blocker, candesartan cilexetil, in patients with stage 4-5 chronic kidney disease. Clin Exp Nephrol. 2008; 12: 256-63.
33. Ducharme A, Swedberg K, Pfeffer MA et al. Prevention of atrial fibrillation in patients with symptomatic chronic heart failure by candesartan in the Candesartan Heart Failure: Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and Morbidity (CHARM) program. Am Heart J. 2006; 151: 86-92.
34. Kasanuki H, Hagiwara N, Hosoda S et al. Angiotensin II receptor blocker-based vs. non-angiotensin II receptor blocker-based therapy in patients with angiographically documented coronary artery disease and hypertension: the Heart Institute of Japan Candesartan Randomized Trial for Evaluation in Coronary Artery Disease (HIJ-CREATE). Eur Heart J. 2009; 30: 1203-12.
35. Schrader J, Luders S, Kuschewski A et al. The ACCESS study: evaluation of acute candesartan cilexetil therapy in stroke survivors. Stroke. 2003; 34: 1699-703.
36. Yusuf S, Pfeffer MA, Swedberg K et al. Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and preserved left ventricular systolic function: the CHARM-Preserved trial. Lancet. 2003; 362: 777-81.
37. McMurray JJ, Ostergren J, Swedberg K et al. Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced left ventricular systolic function treated with an ACE inhibitor: the CHARM-Added trial. Lancet. 2003; 362: 767-71.
38. Granger CB, McMurray JJ, Yusuf S et al. Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced left ventricular systolic function and intolerant to ACE inhibitors: the CHARM-Alternative Trial. Lancet. 2003; 362: 772-6.
39. Riegger GAJ, Bouzo H, Petr P et al. Improvement in Exercise Tolerance and Symptoms of Congestive Heart Failure During Treatment with Candesartan Cilexetil (STRETCH). Circulation. 1999; 100: 2224-30.
40. Tykarski A, Filipiak KJ, Januszewicz A et al. Zasady postępowania w nadciśnieniu tętniczym – 2019 rok. Wytyczne Polskiego Towarzystwa Nadciśnienia Tętniczego. Nadciśnienie Tętnicze w Praktyce. 2019; 5(1): 1-84.