Cannabinoids in the treatment of multiple sclerosis Review article
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Published:
Mar 31, 2014
Keywords:
cannabinoids, multiple sclerosis
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Abstract
Spasticity is one of the major symptoms of multiple sclerosis, affecting quality of life of the patients. Current symptomatic treatment of spasticity is not fully rewarding both for patients and treating physicians. Cannabinoids are the new therapeutic option in the symptomatic therapy of multiple sclerosis. Cannabinoids were registered for the symptomatic treatment of spasticity and neuropathic pain in multiple sclerosis. The possibility of using cannabinoids as the disease modifying drugs still requires further clinical trials.
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References
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17. Hilliard A., Stott C., Wright S. et al.: Evaluation of the Effects of Sativex (THC BDS: CBD BDS) on Inhibition of Spasticity in a Chronic Relapsing Experimental Allergic Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis: A Model of Multiple Sclerosis. ISRN Neurol. 2012; 2012: 802649.
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20. Montalban X., Wright S.: Trial period for new symptomatic treatments: lessons learnt from a Sativex in MS spasticity clinical trial. Mult. Scler. 2009; 15: S272.
21. Svendsen K.B., Jensen T.S., Bach F.W.: Does the cannabinoid dronabinol reduce central pain in multiple sclerosis? Randomised double blind placebo controlled crossover trial. BMJ 2004; 329(7460): 253.
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24. Kavia R.B., De Ridder D., Constantinescu C.S. et al.: Randomized controlled trial of Sativex to treat detrusor overactivity in multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler. 2010; 16(11): 1349-59.
25. Zajicek J.P., Apostu V.I.: Role of cannabinoids in multiple sclerosis. CNS Drugs 2011; 25(3): 187-201.
26. Corey-Bloom J., Wolfson T., Gamst A. et al.: Smoked cannabis for spasticity in multiple sclerosis: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. CMAJ 2012; 184(10): 1143-50.
27. Aldington S., Harwood M., Cox B. et al.: Respiratory Disease Research Group. Cannabis use and risk of lung cancer: a case-control study. Eur. Respir. J. 2008; 31(2): 280-6.
28. de Lago E., Moreno-Martet M., Cabranes A. et al.: Cannabinoids ameliorate disease progression in a model of multiple sclerosis in mice, acting preferentially through CB1 receptor-mediated anti-inflammatory effects. Neuropharmacology 2012; 62(7): 2299-308.
29. Hasseldam H., Johansen F.F.: Cannabinoid treatment renders neurons less vulnerable than oligodendrocytes in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. Int. J. Neurosci. 2011; 121(9): 510-20.
30. Kozela E., Lev N., Kaushansky N. et al.: Cannabidiol inhibits pathogenic T cells, decreases spinal microglial activation and ameliorates multiple sclerosislike disease in C57BL/6 mice. Br. J. Pharmacol. 2011; 163(7): 1507-19.
31. Zajicek J., Ball S., Wright D. et al.: Effect of dronabinol on progression in progressive multiple sclerosis (CUPID): a randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Neurol. 2013; 12(9): 857-65.
2. Rizzo M.A., Hadjimichael O.C., Preingerova J. et al.: Prevalence and treatment of spasticity reported by multiple sclerosis patients. Mult. Scler. 2004; 10(5): 589-595.
3. Grotenhermen F., Müller-Vahl K.: The therapeutic potential of cannabis and cannabinoids. Dtsch Arztebl. Int. 2012; 109(29-30): 495-501.
4. Leussink V.I., Husseini L., Warnke C. et al.: Symptomatic therapy in multiple sclerosis: the role of cannabinoids in treating spasticity. Ther. Adv. Neurol. Disord. 2012; 5(5): 255-66.
5. Fankhauser M.: Cannabis in der westlichen Medizin Cannabis und Cannabinoide. W: Pharmakologie, Toxikologie und therapeutisches Potential. Grotenhermen F. (red.). Wyd. 2. Hans Huber, Göttingen, 2004: 57-71.
6. Consroe P., Musty R., Rein J. et al.: The perceived effects of smoked cannabis on patients with multiple sclerosis. Eur. Neurol. 1997; 38(1): 44-8.
7. Clark A.J., Ware M.A., Yazer E. et al.: Patterns of cannabis use among patients with multiple sclerosis. Neurology 2004; 62(11): 2098-100.
8. Zajicek J., Fox P., Sanders H. et al.; UK MS Research Group: Cannabinoids for treatment of spasticity and other symptoms related to multiple sclerosis (CAMS study): multicentre randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2003; 362(9395): 1517-26.
9. Zajicek J.P., Sanders H.P., Wright D.E. et al.: Cannabinoids in multiple sclerosis (CAMS) study: safety and efficacy data for 12 months follow up. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 2005; 76(12): 1664-9.
10. Wade D.T., Makela P., Robson P. et al.: Do cannabis-based medicinal extracts have general or specific effects on symptoms in multiple sclerosis? A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study on 160 patients. Mult. Scler. 2004; 10(4): 434-41.
11. Collin C., Davies P., Mutiboko I.K. et al., Sativex Spasticity in MS Study Group: Randomized controlled trial of cannabis-based medicine in spasticity caused by multiple sclerosis. Eur. J. Neurol. 2007; 14(3): 290-6.
12. Novotna A., Mares J., Ratcliffe S. et al., Sativex Spasticity Study Group: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, enriched-design study of nabiximols* (Sativex(®) ), as add-on therapy, in subjects with refractory spasticity caused by multiple sclerosis. Eur. J. Neurol. 2011; 18(9): 1122-31.
13. Freidel et al.: Treatment of specific symptoms session. Fri. 4, Oct. 15:30–17:30. P1111. ECTRIMS 2013.
14. Wright et al.: Late Breaking News session. Fri. 4, Oct. 15:30–17:30. P1206. ECTRIMS 2013.
15. Eltayb et al.: Long-term treatment monitoring session. Fri. 4, Oct. 15:30–17:30. P1041. ECTRIMS 2013.
16. García-Merino A.: Endocannabinoid system modulator use in everyday clinical practice in the UK and Spain. Expert Rev. Neurother. 2013; 13(3 Suppl 1): 9-13.
17. Hilliard A., Stott C., Wright S. et al.: Evaluation of the Effects of Sativex (THC BDS: CBD BDS) on Inhibition of Spasticity in a Chronic Relapsing Experimental Allergic Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis: A Model of Multiple Sclerosis. ISRN Neurol. 2012; 2012: 802649.
18. Arroyo R., Massana M., Vila C.: Correlation between spasticity and quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis: the CANDLE study. Int. J. Neurosci. 2013; 123(12): 850-8.
19. Rizzo M.A., Hadjimichael O.C., Preingerova J. et al.: Prevalence and treatment of spasticity reported by multiple sclerosis patients. Mult. Scler. 2004; 10(5): 589-595.
20. Montalban X., Wright S.: Trial period for new symptomatic treatments: lessons learnt from a Sativex in MS spasticity clinical trial. Mult. Scler. 2009; 15: S272.
21. Svendsen K.B., Jensen T.S., Bach F.W.: Does the cannabinoid dronabinol reduce central pain in multiple sclerosis? Randomised double blind placebo controlled crossover trial. BMJ 2004; 329(7460): 253.
22. Rog D.J., Nurmikko T.J., Friede T.: Randomized, controlled trial of cannabis-based medicine in central pain in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 2005; 65(6): 812-9.
23. Langford R.M., Mares J., Novotna A. et al.: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study of THC/CBD oromucosal spray in combination with the existing treatment regimen, in the relief of central neuropathic pain in patients with multiple sclerosis. J. Neurol. 2013; 260(4): 984-97.
24. Kavia R.B., De Ridder D., Constantinescu C.S. et al.: Randomized controlled trial of Sativex to treat detrusor overactivity in multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler. 2010; 16(11): 1349-59.
25. Zajicek J.P., Apostu V.I.: Role of cannabinoids in multiple sclerosis. CNS Drugs 2011; 25(3): 187-201.
26. Corey-Bloom J., Wolfson T., Gamst A. et al.: Smoked cannabis for spasticity in multiple sclerosis: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. CMAJ 2012; 184(10): 1143-50.
27. Aldington S., Harwood M., Cox B. et al.: Respiratory Disease Research Group. Cannabis use and risk of lung cancer: a case-control study. Eur. Respir. J. 2008; 31(2): 280-6.
28. de Lago E., Moreno-Martet M., Cabranes A. et al.: Cannabinoids ameliorate disease progression in a model of multiple sclerosis in mice, acting preferentially through CB1 receptor-mediated anti-inflammatory effects. Neuropharmacology 2012; 62(7): 2299-308.
29. Hasseldam H., Johansen F.F.: Cannabinoid treatment renders neurons less vulnerable than oligodendrocytes in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. Int. J. Neurosci. 2011; 121(9): 510-20.
30. Kozela E., Lev N., Kaushansky N. et al.: Cannabidiol inhibits pathogenic T cells, decreases spinal microglial activation and ameliorates multiple sclerosislike disease in C57BL/6 mice. Br. J. Pharmacol. 2011; 163(7): 1507-19.
31. Zajicek J., Ball S., Wright D. et al.: Effect of dronabinol on progression in progressive multiple sclerosis (CUPID): a randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Neurol. 2013; 12(9): 857-65.