Pacjent z dyslipidemią aterogenną – konsensus ekspertów europejskich co do diagnostyki i leczenia Artykuł przeglądowy
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Opublikowane:
cze 30, 2016
Słowa kluczowe:
dyslipidemia aterogenna, ryzyko rezydualne, zespół metaboliczny, cukrzyca, przewlekła choroba nerek, fenofibrat
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Abstrakt
Dyslipidemia aterogenna jest często spotykanym w praktyce klinicznej zaburzeniem lipidowym, typowo u chorych z narastającą insulinoopornością – w zespole metabolicznym i cukrzycy typu 2 oraz u pacjentów z przewlekłą chorobą nerek. U osób z dyslipidemią aterogenną istnieje szczególnie wysokie rezydualne ryzyko wystąpienia incydentów sercowo-naczyniowych. W artykule autorzy omawiają problem diagnostyki dyslipidemii aterogennej i leczenia pacjenta z tym zaburzeniem na podstawie opublikowanego przed rokiem konsensusu ekspertów europejskich.
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Jak cytować
Chruściel, P., & Banach, M. (2016). Pacjent z dyslipidemią aterogenną – konsensus ekspertów europejskich co do diagnostyki i leczenia . Medycyna Faktów , 9(2(31), 153-160. Pobrano z https://journalsmededu.pl/index.php/jebm/article/view/2254
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Bibliografia
1. LaRosa J.C., Grundy S.M., Waters D.D. et al.: Intensive lipid lowering with atorvastatin in patients with stable coronary disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 2005; 352(14): 1425-1435.
2. Pedersen T.R., Faergeman O., Kastelein J.J. et al.: High-dose atorvastatin vs usual-dose simvastatin for secondary prevention after myocardial infarction: the IDEAL study: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 200; 294(19): 2437-2445.
3. Cannon C.P., Braunwald E., McCabe C.H. et al.: Intensive versus moderate lipid lowering with statins after acute coronary syndromes. N. Engl. J. Med. 200; 350(15): 1495-1504.
4. Baigent C., Keech A., Kearney P.M. et al.: Efficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering treatment: prospective meta-analysis of data from 90,056 participants in 14 randomised trials of statins. Lancet 2005; 366(9493): 1267-1278.
5. Lee K.H., Jeong M.H., Kim H.M. et al.; KAMIR (Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry) Investigators: Benefit of early statin therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction who have extremely low low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2011; 58(16): 1664-1671.
6. Banach M., Rizzo M., Obradovic M. et al.: PCSK9 inhibition – a novel mechanism to treat lipid disorders? Curr. Pharm. Des. 2013; 19(21): 3869-3877.
7. Katsiki N., Nikolic D., Montalto G. et al.: The role of fibrate treatment in dyslipidemia: an overview. Curr. Pharm. Des. 2013; 19(17): 3124-3131.
8. Toth P.P., Barylski M., Nikolic D. et al.: Should low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) be treated? Best Pract. Res. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2014; 28(3): 353-368.
9. Barter P., Gotto A.M., La Rosa J.C. et al.; Treating to New Targets Investigators: HDL cholesterol, very low levels of LDL cholesterol, and cardiovascular events. N. Engl. J. Med. 2007; 357: 1301-1310.
10. Gordon D.J., Probstfield J.L., Garrison R.J. et al.: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and cardiovascular disease: four prospective American studies. Circulation 1989; 79: 8-15.
11. Miller M., Cannon C.P., Murphy S.A. et al.; PROVE IT-TIMI 22 Investigators: Impact of triglyceride levels beyond low-density lipoprotein after acute coronary syndrome in the PROVE IT-TIMI 22 trial. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2008; 51: 724-730.
12. Morrison A., Hokauson J.E.: The independent relationship between triglycerides and coronary heart disease. Vasc. Health Risk Manag. 2009; 5: 89-95.
13. Bruckert E., Baccara-Dinet M., McCoy F. et al.: High prevalence of low HDL-cholesterol in a pan-European survey of 8545 dyslipidaemic patients. Curr. Med. Res. Opin. 2005; 21(12): 1927-1934.
14. Krauss R.M.: Lipids and lipoproteins in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2004; 27(6): 1496-1504.
15. Vaziri N.D.: Dyslipidemia of chronic renal failure: the nature, mechanisms, and potential consequences. Am. J. Physiol. Renal. Physiol. 2006; 290(2): F262-F272.
16. The IDF consensus worldwide definition of the metabolic syndrome [online: http://www.idf.org/metabolic-syndrome].
17. Wyrzykowski B., Zdrojewski T., Bandosz P.: Zespół metaboliczny w Polsce. Kardiol. Pol. 2005; 62(supl. 2): 30-35.\
18. Taskinen M.R.: Insulin resistance and lipoprotein metabolism. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 1995; 6: 153-160.
19. Frénais R., Ouguerram K., Maugeais C. et al.: High density lipoprotein apolipoprotein AI kinetics in NIDDM: a stable isotope study. Diabetologia 1997; 40: 578-583.
20. The FIELD study investigators: Effects of long-term fenofibrate therapy on cardiovascular events in 9795 people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (the FIELD study): randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2005; 366: 1849-1861.
21. The ACCORD Study Group: Effects of Combination Lipid Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. N. Engl. J. Med. 2010; 362: 1563-1574.
22. Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group: MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 5963 people with diabetes: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2003; 361: 2005-2016.
23. Adkins J.C., Faulds D.: Micronised fenofibrate: a review of its pharmacodynamic properties and clinical efficacy in the management of dyslipidaemia. Drugs 1997; 54: 615-333.
24. Kirchgassler K.U., Schmitz H., Bach G.: Effectiveness and tolerability of 12-week treatment with micronised fenofibrate 200 mg in a drug-monitoring programme involving 9884 patients with dyslipidaemia. Clin. Drug Invest. 1998; 15: 197-120.
25. Blane G.F.: Comparative toxicity and safety profile of fenofibrate and other fibric acid derivatives. Am. J. Med. 1987; 83: 26-36.
26. Balfour J.A., McTavish D., Heel R.C.: Fenofibrate. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic use in dyslipidaemia. Drugs 1990; 40: 260-290.
27. Brown W.V., Dujovne C.A., Farquhar J.W. et al.: Effects of fenofibrate on plasma lipids: double-blind, multicenter study in patients with type IIA or IIB hyperlipidemia. Arteriosclerosis 1986; 6: 670-678.
28. Roberts W.C.: Safety of fenofibrate – US and worldwide experience. Cardiology 1989; 76: 169-179.
29. Goldberg A.C., Feldman E.B., Ginsburg H.N. et al.: Fenofibrate for the treatment of type IV and V hyperlipoproteinemias: a double-blind, placebo- controlled multicenter US study. Clin. Ther. 1989; 11: 69-83.
30. Levin A., Duncan L., Djurdjev O. et al.: A randomized placebo-controlled double-blind trial of lipid lowering strategies in patients with renal insufficiency: diet modification with or without fenofibrate. Clin. Nephrol. 2000; 53: 140-146.
31. Guay D.R.: Micronized fenofibrate: a new fibric acid hypolipidemic agent. Ann. Pharmacother. 1999; 33: 1083-1103.
32. Farnier M., Bonnefous F., Debbas N. et al.: Comparative efficacy and safety of micronized fenofibrate and simvastatin in patients with primary type IIa or IIb hyperlipidemia. Arch. Intern. Med. 1994; 154: 441-449.
33. Aguiar C., Alegria E., Bonadonna R.C. et al.: A review of the evidence on reducing macrovascular risk in patients with atherogenic dyslipidaemia: A report from an expert consensus meeting on the role of fenofibrate-statin combination therapy. Atheroscler. Suppl. 2015; 19: 1-12.
34. Camont L., Chapman M.J., Kontush A.: Biological activities of HDL subpopulations and their relevance to cardiovascular disease. Trends Mol. Med. 2011; 17(10): 594-603.
35. Waldman B., Jenkins A.J., Davis T.M. et al.: HDL-C and HDL-C/ApoA-I predict long-term progression of glycemia in established type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2014; 37(8): 2351-2358.
36. Kostapanos M.S., Elisaf M.S.: High density lipoproteins and type 2 diabetes: emerging concepts in their relationship. World J. Exp. Med. 2014; 4(1): 1-6.
37. Carey V.J., Bishop L., Laranjo N. et al.: Contribution of high plasma triglycerides and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to residual risk of coronary heart disease after establishment of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol control. Am. J. Cardiol. 2010; 106(6): 757-763.
2. Pedersen T.R., Faergeman O., Kastelein J.J. et al.: High-dose atorvastatin vs usual-dose simvastatin for secondary prevention after myocardial infarction: the IDEAL study: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 200; 294(19): 2437-2445.
3. Cannon C.P., Braunwald E., McCabe C.H. et al.: Intensive versus moderate lipid lowering with statins after acute coronary syndromes. N. Engl. J. Med. 200; 350(15): 1495-1504.
4. Baigent C., Keech A., Kearney P.M. et al.: Efficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering treatment: prospective meta-analysis of data from 90,056 participants in 14 randomised trials of statins. Lancet 2005; 366(9493): 1267-1278.
5. Lee K.H., Jeong M.H., Kim H.M. et al.; KAMIR (Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry) Investigators: Benefit of early statin therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction who have extremely low low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2011; 58(16): 1664-1671.
6. Banach M., Rizzo M., Obradovic M. et al.: PCSK9 inhibition – a novel mechanism to treat lipid disorders? Curr. Pharm. Des. 2013; 19(21): 3869-3877.
7. Katsiki N., Nikolic D., Montalto G. et al.: The role of fibrate treatment in dyslipidemia: an overview. Curr. Pharm. Des. 2013; 19(17): 3124-3131.
8. Toth P.P., Barylski M., Nikolic D. et al.: Should low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) be treated? Best Pract. Res. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2014; 28(3): 353-368.
9. Barter P., Gotto A.M., La Rosa J.C. et al.; Treating to New Targets Investigators: HDL cholesterol, very low levels of LDL cholesterol, and cardiovascular events. N. Engl. J. Med. 2007; 357: 1301-1310.
10. Gordon D.J., Probstfield J.L., Garrison R.J. et al.: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and cardiovascular disease: four prospective American studies. Circulation 1989; 79: 8-15.
11. Miller M., Cannon C.P., Murphy S.A. et al.; PROVE IT-TIMI 22 Investigators: Impact of triglyceride levels beyond low-density lipoprotein after acute coronary syndrome in the PROVE IT-TIMI 22 trial. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2008; 51: 724-730.
12. Morrison A., Hokauson J.E.: The independent relationship between triglycerides and coronary heart disease. Vasc. Health Risk Manag. 2009; 5: 89-95.
13. Bruckert E., Baccara-Dinet M., McCoy F. et al.: High prevalence of low HDL-cholesterol in a pan-European survey of 8545 dyslipidaemic patients. Curr. Med. Res. Opin. 2005; 21(12): 1927-1934.
14. Krauss R.M.: Lipids and lipoproteins in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2004; 27(6): 1496-1504.
15. Vaziri N.D.: Dyslipidemia of chronic renal failure: the nature, mechanisms, and potential consequences. Am. J. Physiol. Renal. Physiol. 2006; 290(2): F262-F272.
16. The IDF consensus worldwide definition of the metabolic syndrome [online: http://www.idf.org/metabolic-syndrome].
17. Wyrzykowski B., Zdrojewski T., Bandosz P.: Zespół metaboliczny w Polsce. Kardiol. Pol. 2005; 62(supl. 2): 30-35.\
18. Taskinen M.R.: Insulin resistance and lipoprotein metabolism. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 1995; 6: 153-160.
19. Frénais R., Ouguerram K., Maugeais C. et al.: High density lipoprotein apolipoprotein AI kinetics in NIDDM: a stable isotope study. Diabetologia 1997; 40: 578-583.
20. The FIELD study investigators: Effects of long-term fenofibrate therapy on cardiovascular events in 9795 people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (the FIELD study): randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2005; 366: 1849-1861.
21. The ACCORD Study Group: Effects of Combination Lipid Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. N. Engl. J. Med. 2010; 362: 1563-1574.
22. Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group: MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 5963 people with diabetes: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2003; 361: 2005-2016.
23. Adkins J.C., Faulds D.: Micronised fenofibrate: a review of its pharmacodynamic properties and clinical efficacy in the management of dyslipidaemia. Drugs 1997; 54: 615-333.
24. Kirchgassler K.U., Schmitz H., Bach G.: Effectiveness and tolerability of 12-week treatment with micronised fenofibrate 200 mg in a drug-monitoring programme involving 9884 patients with dyslipidaemia. Clin. Drug Invest. 1998; 15: 197-120.
25. Blane G.F.: Comparative toxicity and safety profile of fenofibrate and other fibric acid derivatives. Am. J. Med. 1987; 83: 26-36.
26. Balfour J.A., McTavish D., Heel R.C.: Fenofibrate. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic use in dyslipidaemia. Drugs 1990; 40: 260-290.
27. Brown W.V., Dujovne C.A., Farquhar J.W. et al.: Effects of fenofibrate on plasma lipids: double-blind, multicenter study in patients with type IIA or IIB hyperlipidemia. Arteriosclerosis 1986; 6: 670-678.
28. Roberts W.C.: Safety of fenofibrate – US and worldwide experience. Cardiology 1989; 76: 169-179.
29. Goldberg A.C., Feldman E.B., Ginsburg H.N. et al.: Fenofibrate for the treatment of type IV and V hyperlipoproteinemias: a double-blind, placebo- controlled multicenter US study. Clin. Ther. 1989; 11: 69-83.
30. Levin A., Duncan L., Djurdjev O. et al.: A randomized placebo-controlled double-blind trial of lipid lowering strategies in patients with renal insufficiency: diet modification with or without fenofibrate. Clin. Nephrol. 2000; 53: 140-146.
31. Guay D.R.: Micronized fenofibrate: a new fibric acid hypolipidemic agent. Ann. Pharmacother. 1999; 33: 1083-1103.
32. Farnier M., Bonnefous F., Debbas N. et al.: Comparative efficacy and safety of micronized fenofibrate and simvastatin in patients with primary type IIa or IIb hyperlipidemia. Arch. Intern. Med. 1994; 154: 441-449.
33. Aguiar C., Alegria E., Bonadonna R.C. et al.: A review of the evidence on reducing macrovascular risk in patients with atherogenic dyslipidaemia: A report from an expert consensus meeting on the role of fenofibrate-statin combination therapy. Atheroscler. Suppl. 2015; 19: 1-12.
34. Camont L., Chapman M.J., Kontush A.: Biological activities of HDL subpopulations and their relevance to cardiovascular disease. Trends Mol. Med. 2011; 17(10): 594-603.
35. Waldman B., Jenkins A.J., Davis T.M. et al.: HDL-C and HDL-C/ApoA-I predict long-term progression of glycemia in established type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2014; 37(8): 2351-2358.
36. Kostapanos M.S., Elisaf M.S.: High density lipoproteins and type 2 diabetes: emerging concepts in their relationship. World J. Exp. Med. 2014; 4(1): 1-6.
37. Carey V.J., Bishop L., Laranjo N. et al.: Contribution of high plasma triglycerides and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to residual risk of coronary heart disease after establishment of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol control. Am. J. Cardiol. 2010; 106(6): 757-763.