Kliniczne metody oceny niepełnosprawności ruchowej i pozaruchowej pacjentów ze stwardnieniem rozsianym Artykuł przeglądowy
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Opublikowane:
cze 30, 2017
Słowa kluczowe:
stwardnienie rozsiane, funkcje poznawcze, depresja, zmęczenie, jakość życia
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Abstrakt
Zaburzenia pozaruchowe mogą występować u pacjentów ze stwardnieniem rozsianym na każdym etapie choroby i nierzadko wyprzedzają one objawy ruchowe. Ocena chorych w skali Expanded Disability Status Scale stanowi podstawę decyzji klinicznych, jednakże zakres badania w tej skali nie pozwala wykryć i monitorować dyskretnych zaburzeń pozaruchowych, takich jak: zaburzenia poznawcze, depresja, zespół zmęczeniowy, występujących powszechnie, a mogących świadczyć o aktywności choroby. W poniższym artykule przedstawiono możliwości klinicznej oceny pacjenta pozwalające na kompleksowe monitorowanie postępu choroby.
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Bibliografia
1. Amato M.P., Portaccio E., Goretti B. et al.: The Rao’s Brief Repeatable Battery and Stroop Test: normative values with age, education and gender corrections in an Italian population. Mult. Scler. 2006; 12: 787-793.
2. Rao S.M.: Neuropsychological aspects of multiple sclerosis. W: Raine C.S., McFarland H.F., Tourtellotte W.W. (red.): Multiple sclerosis: clinical and pathogenetic basis. Chapman & Hall, London 1997: 357-362.
3. Wegner C., Stadelmann C.: Gray matter pathology and multiple sclerosis. Curr. Neurol. Neurosci. Rep. 2009; 9: 399-404.
4. Glanz B.I., Holland C.M., Gauthier S.A. et al.: Cognitive dysfunction in patients with clinically isolated syndromes or newly diagnosed multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler. 2007; 13: 1004-1010.
5. Hoffman S., Tittgemeyer M., von Cramon D.Y.: Cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis. Curr. Opin. Neurol. 2007; 20: 275-280.
6. Lovera J., Kovner B.: Cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis. Curr. Neurol. Neurosci. Rep. 2012; 12: 618-627.
7. Sánchez M.P., Nieto A., Barroso J. et al.: Brain atrophy as a marker of cognitive impairment in mildly disabling relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Eur. J. Neurol. 2008; 15(10): 1091-1099.
8. Lazeron R.H., Boringa J.B., Schouten M. et al.: Brain atrophy and lesion load as explaining parameters for cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler. 2005; 11(5): 524-531.
9. Patti F., Amato M.P., Trojano M. et al.; COGIMUS Study Group: Cognitive impairment and its relation with disease measuresin mildly disabled patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: baseline results from the Cognitive Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis (COGIMUS) study. Mult. Scler. 2009; 15: 779-788.
10. Jodzio K.: Neuropsychologia intencjonalnego działania. Koncepcje funkcji wykonawczych. Warszawa, Scholar 2008.
11. Reitan R.M.: Validity of the Trail Making Test as an indicator of organic brain damage. Percept. Mot. Skills 1958; 8: 271-276.
12. Alexander N., Ashton-Miller J., Giordani B. et al.: Age differences in timed accurate stepping with increasing cognitive and visual demand: a Walking Trail Making Test. J. Geront. Series A: Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. 2005; 60(12): 1558-1563.
13. Sánchez-Cubillo I., Periáñez J., Adrover-Roig D. et al.: Construct validity of the Trail Making Test: Role of task-switching, working memory, inhibition/ interference control, and visuo-motor abilities. JINS 2009; 15(3): 438-451.
14. Okruszek Ł., Rutkowska A.: Badanie kontroli wykonawczej za pomocą testu interferencji Stroopa u chorych na schizofrenię i osób z uszkodzeniami płatów czołowych. Polskie Forum Psychologiczne 2013; 18(2): 215-225.
15. Tomaszewska M., Markowska A., Borkowska A.: Stroop test – the diagnostic importance in psychiatry. Neuropsychiatria i Neuropsychologia 2010; 5(1):35-41.
16. Gronwall D.: Paced auditory serial addition task: a measure of recovery from concussion. Percept. Mot. Skills. 1977; 44(2): 367-373.
17. Rao S.M., Leo G.J., Bernardin L., Unverzagt F.: Cognitive dysfunction in multiple sclerosis. I. Frequency, patterns, and prediction. Neurology 1991; 41: 685-691.
18. Kragt J.J., van der Linden F.A., Nielsen J.M. et al.: Clinical impact of 20% worsening on Timed 25-foot Walk and 9-hole Peg Test in multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler. 2006; 12: 594-598.
19. Kaufman M., Moyer D., Norton J.: The significant change for the Timed 25-foot Walk in the multiple sclerosis functional composite. Mult. Scler. 2000; 6: 286-290.
20. Opara J.: Klinimetria w stwardnieniu rozsianym. Farmakoterapia w Psychiatrii i Neurologii 2005; 3: 219-226.
21. Feinstein A.: The neuropsychiatry of multiple sclerosis. Can. J. Psychiatry 2004; 49: 157-163.
22. Minden S.L., Schiffer R.B.: Affective disorders in multiple sclerosis. Review and recommendations for clinical research. Arch. Neurol. 1990; 47: 98-104.
23. Chwastiak L., Ehde D.M., Gibbons L.E. et al.: Depressive symptoms and severity of illness in multiple sclerosis: epidemiologic study of a large community sample. Am. J. Psychiatry 2002; 159(11): 1862-1868.
24. Feinstein A.: An examination of suicidal intent in patients with multiple sclerosis. Neurology 2002; 59: 674-678.
25. Feinstein A., Roy P., Lobaugh N. et al.: Structural brain abnormalities in multiple sclerosis patients with major depression. Neurology 2004; 62: 586-590.
26. Sadovnick A.D., Remick R.A., Allen J. et al.: Depression and multiple sclerosis. Neurology 1996; 46: 628-632.
27. Patten S.B., Metz L.M., Reimer M.A.: Biopsychosocial correlates of lifetime major depression in a multiple sclerosis population. Mult. Scler. 2000; 6: 115-120.
28. Arnett P., Ben-Zacharia A., Benedict R. et al.: The Goldman Consensus statement on depression in multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler. 2005; 11(3): 328-337.
29. Parnowski T., Jernajczyk W.: Inwentarz Depresji Becka w ocenie nastroju osób zdrowych i chorych na choroby afektywne. Psychiatr. Pol. 1977; 11(4): 417-421.
30. Pużyński S., Rybakowski J., Wciórka J.: Psychiatria. Podstawy psychiatrii. Tom 1. Elsevier Urban & Partner, Wrocław 2011.
31. Krupp L.B., Alvarez L.A., LaRocca N.G., Scheinberg L.C.: Fatigue in multiple sclerosis. Arch. Neurol. 1988; 45: 435-437.
32. Fisk J.D., Pontefract A., Ritvo P.G. et al.: The impact of fatigue on patients with multiple sclerosis. Can. J. Neurol. Sci. 1994; 21: 9-14.
33. Rolak L.A.: Fatigue and multiple sclerosis. W: Dawson D.M., Sabin T.D. (red.): Chronic fatigue syndrome. Little Brown, Boston 1993: 153-160.
34. Colosimo C., Millefiorini E., Grasso M.G. et al.: Fatigue in MS is associated with specific clinical features. Acta Neurol. Scand. 1995; 92: 353-355.
35. Lobentanz I.S., Asenbaum S., Vass K. et al.: Factor influencing quality of life in multiple sclerosis patients: disability, depressive mood, fatigue and sleep quality. Acta Neurol. Scand. 2004; 110: 6-13.
36. Colombo B., Martinelli Boneschi F., Rossi P. et al.: MRI and motor evoked potential findings in nondisabled multiple sclerosis patients with and without symptoms of fatigue. J. Neurol. 2000; 247: 506-509.
37. Marrie R.A., Fisher E., Miller D.M. et al.: Association of fatigue and brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis. J. Neurol. Sci. 2005; 228: 161-166.
38. Bakshi R., Shaikh Z.A., Miletich R.S. et al.: Fatigue in multiple sclerosis and its relationship to depression and neurological disability. Mult. Scler. 2000; 6: 181-185.
39. Fisk J.D., Pontefract A., Ritvo P.G. et al.: The impact of fatigue on patients with multiple sclerosis. Can. J. Neurol. Sci. 1994; 21: 9-14.
40. Łabuz-Roszak B., Kubicka-Bączyk K., Pierzchała K. et al.: Jakość życia chorych na stwardnienie rozsiane – związek z cechami klinicznymi choroby, zespołem zmęczenia i objawami depresyjnymi. Psychiatria Polska 2013; XLVII(3): 33-442.
41. Flachenecker P., Kumpfel T., Kallmann B. et al.: Fatigue in multiple sclerosis: a comparison of different rating scales and correlation to clinical parameters. Mult. Scler. 2002; 8: 523.
42. Vickrey B.G., Hays R.D., Harooni R. et al.: A health-related quality of life measure for multiple sclerosis. Qual. Life Res. 1995; 4: 187.
43. Baumstarck-Barrau K., Simeoni M.C., Reuter F et al.: Cognitive function and quality of life in multiple sclerosis patients: a cross-sectional study. BMC Neurology 2011; 11: 17.
44. Benito-Leon J., Morales J.M., Rivera-Navarro J.: Health-related quality of life and its relationship to cognitive and emotional functioning in multiple sclerosis patients. Eur. J. Neurol. 2002; 9: 497-502.
2. Rao S.M.: Neuropsychological aspects of multiple sclerosis. W: Raine C.S., McFarland H.F., Tourtellotte W.W. (red.): Multiple sclerosis: clinical and pathogenetic basis. Chapman & Hall, London 1997: 357-362.
3. Wegner C., Stadelmann C.: Gray matter pathology and multiple sclerosis. Curr. Neurol. Neurosci. Rep. 2009; 9: 399-404.
4. Glanz B.I., Holland C.M., Gauthier S.A. et al.: Cognitive dysfunction in patients with clinically isolated syndromes or newly diagnosed multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler. 2007; 13: 1004-1010.
5. Hoffman S., Tittgemeyer M., von Cramon D.Y.: Cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis. Curr. Opin. Neurol. 2007; 20: 275-280.
6. Lovera J., Kovner B.: Cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis. Curr. Neurol. Neurosci. Rep. 2012; 12: 618-627.
7. Sánchez M.P., Nieto A., Barroso J. et al.: Brain atrophy as a marker of cognitive impairment in mildly disabling relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Eur. J. Neurol. 2008; 15(10): 1091-1099.
8. Lazeron R.H., Boringa J.B., Schouten M. et al.: Brain atrophy and lesion load as explaining parameters for cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler. 2005; 11(5): 524-531.
9. Patti F., Amato M.P., Trojano M. et al.; COGIMUS Study Group: Cognitive impairment and its relation with disease measuresin mildly disabled patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: baseline results from the Cognitive Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis (COGIMUS) study. Mult. Scler. 2009; 15: 779-788.
10. Jodzio K.: Neuropsychologia intencjonalnego działania. Koncepcje funkcji wykonawczych. Warszawa, Scholar 2008.
11. Reitan R.M.: Validity of the Trail Making Test as an indicator of organic brain damage. Percept. Mot. Skills 1958; 8: 271-276.
12. Alexander N., Ashton-Miller J., Giordani B. et al.: Age differences in timed accurate stepping with increasing cognitive and visual demand: a Walking Trail Making Test. J. Geront. Series A: Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. 2005; 60(12): 1558-1563.
13. Sánchez-Cubillo I., Periáñez J., Adrover-Roig D. et al.: Construct validity of the Trail Making Test: Role of task-switching, working memory, inhibition/ interference control, and visuo-motor abilities. JINS 2009; 15(3): 438-451.
14. Okruszek Ł., Rutkowska A.: Badanie kontroli wykonawczej za pomocą testu interferencji Stroopa u chorych na schizofrenię i osób z uszkodzeniami płatów czołowych. Polskie Forum Psychologiczne 2013; 18(2): 215-225.
15. Tomaszewska M., Markowska A., Borkowska A.: Stroop test – the diagnostic importance in psychiatry. Neuropsychiatria i Neuropsychologia 2010; 5(1):35-41.
16. Gronwall D.: Paced auditory serial addition task: a measure of recovery from concussion. Percept. Mot. Skills. 1977; 44(2): 367-373.
17. Rao S.M., Leo G.J., Bernardin L., Unverzagt F.: Cognitive dysfunction in multiple sclerosis. I. Frequency, patterns, and prediction. Neurology 1991; 41: 685-691.
18. Kragt J.J., van der Linden F.A., Nielsen J.M. et al.: Clinical impact of 20% worsening on Timed 25-foot Walk and 9-hole Peg Test in multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler. 2006; 12: 594-598.
19. Kaufman M., Moyer D., Norton J.: The significant change for the Timed 25-foot Walk in the multiple sclerosis functional composite. Mult. Scler. 2000; 6: 286-290.
20. Opara J.: Klinimetria w stwardnieniu rozsianym. Farmakoterapia w Psychiatrii i Neurologii 2005; 3: 219-226.
21. Feinstein A.: The neuropsychiatry of multiple sclerosis. Can. J. Psychiatry 2004; 49: 157-163.
22. Minden S.L., Schiffer R.B.: Affective disorders in multiple sclerosis. Review and recommendations for clinical research. Arch. Neurol. 1990; 47: 98-104.
23. Chwastiak L., Ehde D.M., Gibbons L.E. et al.: Depressive symptoms and severity of illness in multiple sclerosis: epidemiologic study of a large community sample. Am. J. Psychiatry 2002; 159(11): 1862-1868.
24. Feinstein A.: An examination of suicidal intent in patients with multiple sclerosis. Neurology 2002; 59: 674-678.
25. Feinstein A., Roy P., Lobaugh N. et al.: Structural brain abnormalities in multiple sclerosis patients with major depression. Neurology 2004; 62: 586-590.
26. Sadovnick A.D., Remick R.A., Allen J. et al.: Depression and multiple sclerosis. Neurology 1996; 46: 628-632.
27. Patten S.B., Metz L.M., Reimer M.A.: Biopsychosocial correlates of lifetime major depression in a multiple sclerosis population. Mult. Scler. 2000; 6: 115-120.
28. Arnett P., Ben-Zacharia A., Benedict R. et al.: The Goldman Consensus statement on depression in multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler. 2005; 11(3): 328-337.
29. Parnowski T., Jernajczyk W.: Inwentarz Depresji Becka w ocenie nastroju osób zdrowych i chorych na choroby afektywne. Psychiatr. Pol. 1977; 11(4): 417-421.
30. Pużyński S., Rybakowski J., Wciórka J.: Psychiatria. Podstawy psychiatrii. Tom 1. Elsevier Urban & Partner, Wrocław 2011.
31. Krupp L.B., Alvarez L.A., LaRocca N.G., Scheinberg L.C.: Fatigue in multiple sclerosis. Arch. Neurol. 1988; 45: 435-437.
32. Fisk J.D., Pontefract A., Ritvo P.G. et al.: The impact of fatigue on patients with multiple sclerosis. Can. J. Neurol. Sci. 1994; 21: 9-14.
33. Rolak L.A.: Fatigue and multiple sclerosis. W: Dawson D.M., Sabin T.D. (red.): Chronic fatigue syndrome. Little Brown, Boston 1993: 153-160.
34. Colosimo C., Millefiorini E., Grasso M.G. et al.: Fatigue in MS is associated with specific clinical features. Acta Neurol. Scand. 1995; 92: 353-355.
35. Lobentanz I.S., Asenbaum S., Vass K. et al.: Factor influencing quality of life in multiple sclerosis patients: disability, depressive mood, fatigue and sleep quality. Acta Neurol. Scand. 2004; 110: 6-13.
36. Colombo B., Martinelli Boneschi F., Rossi P. et al.: MRI and motor evoked potential findings in nondisabled multiple sclerosis patients with and without symptoms of fatigue. J. Neurol. 2000; 247: 506-509.
37. Marrie R.A., Fisher E., Miller D.M. et al.: Association of fatigue and brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis. J. Neurol. Sci. 2005; 228: 161-166.
38. Bakshi R., Shaikh Z.A., Miletich R.S. et al.: Fatigue in multiple sclerosis and its relationship to depression and neurological disability. Mult. Scler. 2000; 6: 181-185.
39. Fisk J.D., Pontefract A., Ritvo P.G. et al.: The impact of fatigue on patients with multiple sclerosis. Can. J. Neurol. Sci. 1994; 21: 9-14.
40. Łabuz-Roszak B., Kubicka-Bączyk K., Pierzchała K. et al.: Jakość życia chorych na stwardnienie rozsiane – związek z cechami klinicznymi choroby, zespołem zmęczenia i objawami depresyjnymi. Psychiatria Polska 2013; XLVII(3): 33-442.
41. Flachenecker P., Kumpfel T., Kallmann B. et al.: Fatigue in multiple sclerosis: a comparison of different rating scales and correlation to clinical parameters. Mult. Scler. 2002; 8: 523.
42. Vickrey B.G., Hays R.D., Harooni R. et al.: A health-related quality of life measure for multiple sclerosis. Qual. Life Res. 1995; 4: 187.
43. Baumstarck-Barrau K., Simeoni M.C., Reuter F et al.: Cognitive function and quality of life in multiple sclerosis patients: a cross-sectional study. BMC Neurology 2011; 11: 17.
44. Benito-Leon J., Morales J.M., Rivera-Navarro J.: Health-related quality of life and its relationship to cognitive and emotional functioning in multiple sclerosis patients. Eur. J. Neurol. 2002; 9: 497-502.