Clarithromycin in the upper respiratory infections Review article
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Published:
Dec 31, 2023
Keywords:
clarithromycin, acute otitis media, acute inflammation of the paranasal sinuses, tonsillitis, pertussis
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Abstract
In contemporary ambulatory practice in management of respiratory bacterial infections clarithromycin is the antibiotic of choice in cases of various form of intolerance of β-lactams but particularly in the immediate allergy for amoxicillin and noimmediate allergy for all class of β-lactams, as well as in other forms of intolerance. Due to its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, it can effectively replace β-lactams. In cases of sensitivity to macrolides, clarithromycin is an effective eradicator of pyogenic streptococcus in angina and pneumococcus and hemophilic bacillus in cases of acute otitis media and bacterial rhinosinusitis, as well as community-acquired pneumonia. In cases of the community-acquired pneumonia with typical and/or atypical etiology claritromycin should be considered as precious adjunct to various β-lactams in combined therapy.
Article Details
How to Cite
Radzikowski, A. (2023). Clarithromycin in the upper respiratory infections. Medycyna Faktow (J EBM), 16(4(61), 348-352. https://doi.org/10.24292/01.MF.0423.09
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References
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15. Jorgensen DM Single-dose extended-release oral azithromycin vs. 3-day azithromycin for the treatment of group A beta-haemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis/tonsillitis in adults and adolescents: a double-blind, double-dummystudy. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2009; 15(12): 1103-10.
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20. Pukander JS, Jero JP, Kaprio EA et al. Clarithromycin vs amoxicillin suspension in the treatment of pediatric patients with acute otitis media. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1993; 12: 118-21.
21. Goch WM, Vanthaya NG, Corder WT et al. Clarithromycin and cefaclor suspensions in the treatment of acute otitis media in children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1993; 12: 128-33.
22. Dagan R, Johnson CE, McLinn S et al. Bacteriologic and clinical efficacy of amoxicillin/clavulanate vs. azithromycin in acute otitis media. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2000; 19(2): 95-104.
23. Mather MW, Drinhan M, Perry JD et al. A systematic review and metaanalysis of antimicrobial resistance in pediatric acute otitis media International J Pediatr Otolaryngol. 2019; 123: 102-9.
24. Polinori I, Esposito S. Clinical findings and management of pertussis. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2019; 1183: 151-60.
25. Nguyen VTN, Simon L. Pertussis: the whooping cough. Prim Care. 2018; 45(3): 423-31.
2. Hryniewicz W, Albrech P, Radzikowski A (ed). Rekomendacje postępowania w pozaszpitalnych zakażeniach układu oddechowego 2016. Warszawa 2016.
3. Still J, Hubbard W, Poole J et al. Comparison of clarithromycin and penicillin suspensions in the treatment of children with streptococcal pharyngitis and review of currently available alternative antibiotic therapies. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1993; 12(suppl 3): 134-41.
4. Stein G. Comparative study of clarithromycin and penicillin V in the treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1991; 10: 949-53.
5. Mc Carty J, Hedrick JA, Gooh WM. Clarithromycin suspension vs penicillin V suspension in children with streptococcal pharyngitis. Adv Ther. 2000; 17(1): 14-26.
6. Skoczyńska A, Hryniewicz W et al. Projekt Alexander w Polsce w latach 1996-2008.
7. Zakład Epidemiologii i Mikrobiologii Klinicznej Narodowy Instytut Leków. Wieloośrodkowe badanie wrażliwości na leki bakterii wywołujących zakażenia dróg oddechowych w środowisku pozaszpitalnym Respi-Net 2012-2016.
8. Skoczyńska A, Błaszczyk K, Ronkiewicz P et al. Wieloośrodkowe badanie wrażliwości na leki patogenów bakteryjnych wywołujących zakażenia dróg oddechowych w srodowisku pozaszpitalnym RESPI-NET. Zakład Epidemiologii Klinicznej Narodowy Instytut Leków, Warszawa 2023.
9. Morimoto S, Adachi T, Misava Y et al. Chemical modification of erythromycins. Synthesis and biological propertiesof 6-0 metyl erythromycin B J Antibiotic. 1990; 43: 544-9.
10. Portier H, Filipecki J, Weber P et al. Five days versus 10 day penicillin V for group A streptococcal pharyngitis: a multi-centre, open-label, randomized study. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2002; 49(2): 337-44. http://doi.org/16.10.1093/jac/49.2.33.
11. Hoban DJ, Nauta J. Clinical and bacteriological impact of clarithromycin in streptococcal pharyngitis: findings from a meta-analysis of clinical trials. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2019; 13: 3551-8.
12. Hedin K, Thorning S, van Driel ML. Different antibiotic treatments for group A streptococcal pharyngitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023; 11(11): CD004406. http://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004406.pub6.
13. Pacifico L, Scopetti F, Ranucci A et al. Comparative efficacy and safety of 3-day azithromycin and 10-day penicillin V treatment of group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis in children. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996; 40(4): 1005-8. http://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.40.4.1005.
14. Schaad UB, Heynen G. Evaluation of the efficacy, safety and toleration of azithromycin vs. penicillin V in the treatment of acute streptococcal pharyngitis in children: results of a multicenter, open comparative study. The Swiss Tonsillopharyngitis Study Group. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1996; 15(9): 791-5. http://doi.org/ 10.1097/00006454-199609000-00011.
15. Jorgensen DM Single-dose extended-release oral azithromycin vs. 3-day azithromycin for the treatment of group A beta-haemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis/tonsillitis in adults and adolescents: a double-blind, double-dummystudy. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2009; 15(12): 1103-10.
16. Cohen R. Defining the optimum treatment regimen for azithromycin in acute tonsillopharyngitis. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2004; 23(2 suppl): S129-34. http://doi.org/10.1097/01.inf.0000112527.33870.0d.
17. Wald ER, De Muri GP. Antibiotic recommendation for acute otitis media and acute bacterial sinusitis: conundrum no more. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2018; 37: 1255-57.
18. McCarty J, Philips A, Wissanen R. Comparative safety and efficacy of clarithromycin and amoxicillin/clavulanate in the treatment of acute otitis media in children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1993; 12(suppl 3): S122-7.
19. Aspin M, Hoberman A, McCarthy J et al. Comparative study of the safety and efficacy of clarithromycin and amoxicillin-clavulanate in the treatment of acute otitis media in children. J Pediatr. 1994; 125: 136-51.
20. Pukander JS, Jero JP, Kaprio EA et al. Clarithromycin vs amoxicillin suspension in the treatment of pediatric patients with acute otitis media. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1993; 12: 118-21.
21. Goch WM, Vanthaya NG, Corder WT et al. Clarithromycin and cefaclor suspensions in the treatment of acute otitis media in children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1993; 12: 128-33.
22. Dagan R, Johnson CE, McLinn S et al. Bacteriologic and clinical efficacy of amoxicillin/clavulanate vs. azithromycin in acute otitis media. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2000; 19(2): 95-104.
23. Mather MW, Drinhan M, Perry JD et al. A systematic review and metaanalysis of antimicrobial resistance in pediatric acute otitis media International J Pediatr Otolaryngol. 2019; 123: 102-9.
24. Polinori I, Esposito S. Clinical findings and management of pertussis. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2019; 1183: 151-60.
25. Nguyen VTN, Simon L. Pertussis: the whooping cough. Prim Care. 2018; 45(3): 423-31.