Metabolic aspects of beta-blockers action – (część II) Review article
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Published:
Jun 30, 2010
Keywords:
beta-adrenergic blockers, current position among the cardiac agents
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Abstract
Beta-adrenergic blockers represent a heterogeneous group of agents, with a broad range of therapeutic indications but also numerous contraindications for their application. Nevertheless it would be hard to consider any contemporary pharmacotherapy of the cardiovascular disorders without beta-blockers. Due to introduction of the new generation of the beta-adrenergic blockers into clinical practice, their spectrum of indications extended substantially from many classic, such as ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, arterial hypertension, congestive heart failure and cardiac arrhythmias to the new ones, including diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and renal failure. This review was designed to present current knowledge about this group of agents.
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Światowiec , A., & Kuch , M. (2010). Metabolic aspects of beta-blockers action – (część II). Medycyna Faktow (J EBM), 3(2(7), 35-40. Retrieved from https://journalsmededu.pl/index.php/jebm/article/view/2602
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References
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5. López-Sendón J., Swedberg K., McMurray J. et al.: Expert consensus document on beta-adrenergic receptor blockers. Eur. Heart J. 2004; 25: 1341-62.
6. Gheorghiade M., Goldstein S.: Beta-blockers in the post-myocardial infarction patients. Circulation 2002; 106: 394-398.
7. Gottlieb S.S., McCarter R.J., Vogel R.A. et al.: Effect of beta-blockade on mortality among high-risk and low risk patients after myocardial infarction. N. Engl. J. Med. 1998; 339; 489-497.
8. Norwegian Timolol Trial Study Group: Timolol-induced reduction in mortality and reinfarction in patients surviving acute myocardial infarction. N. Engl. J. Med. 1981; 304: 801-807.
9. Hjalmarson A., Elmfeldt D., Herlitz J. et al.: Effect on mortality of metoprolol in acute myocardial infarction: a double-blind randomised trial. Lancet 1981; 2: 823-827.
10. BHAT Research group: A randomized trial of propranolol in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Mortality results. JAMA 1982; 247: 1707-1714.
11. The Miami Research Group: Metoprolol in acute myocardial infarction – randomized placebo-controlled trial. Eur. Heart J. 1985; 6: 199-226.
12. ISIS-1 Collaborative Group: Randomized trial of intravenous atenolol among 16027 cases of suspected acute myocardial infarction. Lancet 1986; 2: 57-66.
13. Roberts R., Rogers W.J., Mueller H.S. et al.: Immediate versus differed beta blockade following thrombolytic therapy in patients with acute myocardial infraction. Results of the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI IIB). Circulation 1991; 83: 422-437.
14. Yusuf S., Lessen J., Pet J. et al.: Primary and secondary prevention of myocardial infarction and strokes: an update of randomly allocated controlled trials. J. Hypertens. 1993; 11(suppl. 4): S61-S73.
15. Freemantle N., Cleland J., Young P. et al.: Beta-blockade after myocardial infarction: systematic review and meta regression analysis. BMJ 1999; 26: 1730-1737.
16. Beta-Blocker Pooling Project Research Group: Subgroup findings from randomised trials in post-myocardial infarction patients. Eur. Heart J. 1988; 9: 8-16.
17. Bertrand M.E., Simoons M.L., Fox K.A. et al.; Task Force on the Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes of the European Society of Cardiology: Management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persi stent ST-segment elevation. Eur. Heart J. 2002; 23: 1809-1840.
18. Waagstein F.: Beta-blockers in congestive heart failure: the evolution of a new treatment concept-mechanism of action and clinical implications. J. Clin. Basic. Cardiol. 2002; 5: 215-223.
19. Rauls R.A., Tan Y., Knuepfer M.M.: Central beta-adrenoceptors mediate phasic and sustained components of hemodynamic responses to acute behavioral stress. Brain Res. 2005; 1048: 98-107.
20. Hedblad B., Wikstrand J., Janzon L. et al.: Low dose metoprolol CR/XL and fluvastatin slow progression of carotid intima-media thickness: main results from the Beta-Blocker Cholesterol-Lowering Asymptomatic Plaque Study (BCAPS). Circulation 2001; 103: 1721-1726.
21. Wiklund O., Hulthe J., Wikstrand J. et al.: Effect of controlled release/extended release metoprolol on carotid intima-media thickness in patients with hypercholesterolemia: a 3-year randomized study. Stroke 2002; 33: 572-577.
22. Sipahi I., Tuzcu E.M., Wolski K.E. et al.: Beta-blockers and progression of coronary atherosclerosis: pooled analysis of 4 intravascular ultrasonography trials. Ann. Intern. Med. 2007; 147: 10-18.
23. Heidland U.E., Strauer B.E.: Left ventricular muscle mass and elevated heart rate are associated with coronary plaque disruption. Circulation 2001; 104: 1477-82.
24. Dunn C.J., Lea A.P., Wagstaff H.: Carvedilol. A Reappraisal of its Phramacological Properties and Therapeutic Use in Cardiovascular Disorders. Drugs 1997; 54: 161-185.
25. Ohtsuka T., Hamada M., Saeki H. et al.: Serum levels of matrix metalloproteinases and tumor necrosis factor in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and effects of carvedilol on these levels. Am. J. Cardiol. 2002; 91: 1024-1027.
26. Rossig L., Haendeler J., Mallat Z. et al.: Congestive heart failure induces cell apoptosis: protective role of carvedilol. JACC 2000; 36: 2081-2089.
27. Mayer B., Holmer S.R., Hengstenberg C. et al.: Functional improvement in heart failure patients treated with beta-blockers is associated with a decline of cytokine levels. Int. J. Cardiol. 2005; 103: 182-6.
28. Matsumura T., Tsushima K., Ohtaki E. et al.: Effects of carvedilol on plasma levels of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in nine patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. J. Cardiol. 2002; 39: 253-7.
29. Yuan Z., Shioji K., Kihara Y. et al.: Cardioprotective effects of carvedilol on acute autoimmune myocarditis anti-inflammatory effects associated with antioxidant property. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 2004; 286: H83-H90.
30. Falciani M., Rinaldi B., D’Agostino B. et al.: Effects of nebivolol on human platelet aggregation. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 2001; 38: 922-929.
31. Vyssoulis G.P., Marinakis A.G., Aznaouridis K.A. et al.: The impact of third-generation beta-blocker antihypertensive treatment on endothelial function and the prothrombotic state: effects of smoking. Am. J. Hypertens. 2004; 17: 582-9.
32. Chłopicki S., Kozlovski V.I., Gryglewski R.J.J.: NO-dependent vasodilatation induced by nebivolol in coronary circulation is not mediated by beta-adrenoreceptors or by 5HT-1A receptors. Physiol. Pharmacol. 2002; 53: 615-624.
33. Mollnau H., Schulz E., Daiber A. et al.: Nebivolol prevents vascular NOS III uncoupling in experimental hyperlipidemia and inhibits NADPH oxidase activity in inflammatory cells. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 2003; 23: 615-621.
34. Ignarro L.J.: Experimental evidences of nitric oxide-dependent vasodilatatory activity of nebivolol, a third generation beta-blocker. Blood Pressure 2004; 13(S1): 3-17.
35. Brehm B.R., Bertsch D., von Fallois J., Wolf S.C.: Beta-blockers of the third generation inhibit endothelin-1 liberation, mRNA production and proliferation of human coronary smooth muscle and endothelial cells. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 2000; 36: 3401-3403.
36. Nakamura K., Kusano K., Nakamura Y. et al.: Carvedilol decreases elevated oxidative stress in human failing myocardium. Circulation 2002; 105: 2867-71.
37. Feuerstein G.Z., Yue T.L.: A potent antioxidant, SB 209995, inhibits oxygen-radical-mediated lipid peroxidation and cytotoxicity. Pharmacology 1994; 48: 385-391.
38. Lopez B.L., Christopher T.A., Yue T.L. et al.: Carvedilol, a new beta-adrenoreceptor blocker antihypertensive drug, protects against free-radicalinduced endothelial dysfunction. Pharmacology 1995; 51: 165-73.
39. De Grott A.A., Mathy M.J., van Zwieten P.A. et al.: Antioxidant activity of nebivolol in the rat aorta. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 2004; 43: 148-153.
40. van Os J.S., van Brummelen P., Woittiez A.J.J.: Betaxolol in obese hypertensive patients. Long-term effects on blood pressure and serum lipids. Neth. J. Med. 1992; 40: 227-231.
41. Bakris G.L., Fonseca V., Kathol R.E. et al.: for the GEMINI investigators. Metabolic effects of carvedilol vs metoprolol in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. JAMA 2004; 292: 2227-2236.
42. Malmeberg K.: Prospective randomized study of intensive insulin treatment on long term survival after acute myocardial infarction in patients with diabetes mellitus: DIGAMI study group. Br. Med. J. 1997; 314: 1512-1515.
43. Mc Donald C., Majumdar S., Mahon L.J., Johnson J.: The effectiveness of beta-blockers after myocardial infarction in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2005; 28: 2113-2117.
44. Deedwania P.C.: Diabetes and hypertension, the deadly duet: importance, therapeutic strategy, and selection of drug therapy. Cardiol. Clin. 2005; 23: 139-152.
45. Shlipak M.G.: Pharmacotherapy for heart failure in patients with renal insufficiency. Ann. Int. Med. 2003; 138: 917-924.
46. UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Efficacy of atenolol and captopril in reducing risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 39. BMJ 1998; 317: 713-720.
2. Frishman W.H.: Carvedilol. N. Engl. J. Med. 1998; 339: 1759-1765.
3. Dickstein K., Cohen-Solal A., Filippatos G. et al. Wytyczne 2008 Europejskiego Towarzystwa Kardiologicznego dotyczące rozpoznawania i leczenia ostrej oraz przewlekłej niewydolności serca. Kardiologia Polska 2008; 66 suplement IV, 389-454.
4. Hunt S.A., Abraham W.T., Chin M.H. et al.: American College of Cardiology; American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines; American College of Chest Physicians; International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation; Heart Rhythm Society: ACC/AHA 2005 Guideline Update for the Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Heart Failure in the Adult: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Update the 2001 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure): developed in collaboration with the American College of Chest Physician and the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society. Circulation 2005; 112: 154-235.
5. López-Sendón J., Swedberg K., McMurray J. et al.: Expert consensus document on beta-adrenergic receptor blockers. Eur. Heart J. 2004; 25: 1341-62.
6. Gheorghiade M., Goldstein S.: Beta-blockers in the post-myocardial infarction patients. Circulation 2002; 106: 394-398.
7. Gottlieb S.S., McCarter R.J., Vogel R.A. et al.: Effect of beta-blockade on mortality among high-risk and low risk patients after myocardial infarction. N. Engl. J. Med. 1998; 339; 489-497.
8. Norwegian Timolol Trial Study Group: Timolol-induced reduction in mortality and reinfarction in patients surviving acute myocardial infarction. N. Engl. J. Med. 1981; 304: 801-807.
9. Hjalmarson A., Elmfeldt D., Herlitz J. et al.: Effect on mortality of metoprolol in acute myocardial infarction: a double-blind randomised trial. Lancet 1981; 2: 823-827.
10. BHAT Research group: A randomized trial of propranolol in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Mortality results. JAMA 1982; 247: 1707-1714.
11. The Miami Research Group: Metoprolol in acute myocardial infarction – randomized placebo-controlled trial. Eur. Heart J. 1985; 6: 199-226.
12. ISIS-1 Collaborative Group: Randomized trial of intravenous atenolol among 16027 cases of suspected acute myocardial infarction. Lancet 1986; 2: 57-66.
13. Roberts R., Rogers W.J., Mueller H.S. et al.: Immediate versus differed beta blockade following thrombolytic therapy in patients with acute myocardial infraction. Results of the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI IIB). Circulation 1991; 83: 422-437.
14. Yusuf S., Lessen J., Pet J. et al.: Primary and secondary prevention of myocardial infarction and strokes: an update of randomly allocated controlled trials. J. Hypertens. 1993; 11(suppl. 4): S61-S73.
15. Freemantle N., Cleland J., Young P. et al.: Beta-blockade after myocardial infarction: systematic review and meta regression analysis. BMJ 1999; 26: 1730-1737.
16. Beta-Blocker Pooling Project Research Group: Subgroup findings from randomised trials in post-myocardial infarction patients. Eur. Heart J. 1988; 9: 8-16.
17. Bertrand M.E., Simoons M.L., Fox K.A. et al.; Task Force on the Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes of the European Society of Cardiology: Management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persi stent ST-segment elevation. Eur. Heart J. 2002; 23: 1809-1840.
18. Waagstein F.: Beta-blockers in congestive heart failure: the evolution of a new treatment concept-mechanism of action and clinical implications. J. Clin. Basic. Cardiol. 2002; 5: 215-223.
19. Rauls R.A., Tan Y., Knuepfer M.M.: Central beta-adrenoceptors mediate phasic and sustained components of hemodynamic responses to acute behavioral stress. Brain Res. 2005; 1048: 98-107.
20. Hedblad B., Wikstrand J., Janzon L. et al.: Low dose metoprolol CR/XL and fluvastatin slow progression of carotid intima-media thickness: main results from the Beta-Blocker Cholesterol-Lowering Asymptomatic Plaque Study (BCAPS). Circulation 2001; 103: 1721-1726.
21. Wiklund O., Hulthe J., Wikstrand J. et al.: Effect of controlled release/extended release metoprolol on carotid intima-media thickness in patients with hypercholesterolemia: a 3-year randomized study. Stroke 2002; 33: 572-577.
22. Sipahi I., Tuzcu E.M., Wolski K.E. et al.: Beta-blockers and progression of coronary atherosclerosis: pooled analysis of 4 intravascular ultrasonography trials. Ann. Intern. Med. 2007; 147: 10-18.
23. Heidland U.E., Strauer B.E.: Left ventricular muscle mass and elevated heart rate are associated with coronary plaque disruption. Circulation 2001; 104: 1477-82.
24. Dunn C.J., Lea A.P., Wagstaff H.: Carvedilol. A Reappraisal of its Phramacological Properties and Therapeutic Use in Cardiovascular Disorders. Drugs 1997; 54: 161-185.
25. Ohtsuka T., Hamada M., Saeki H. et al.: Serum levels of matrix metalloproteinases and tumor necrosis factor in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and effects of carvedilol on these levels. Am. J. Cardiol. 2002; 91: 1024-1027.
26. Rossig L., Haendeler J., Mallat Z. et al.: Congestive heart failure induces cell apoptosis: protective role of carvedilol. JACC 2000; 36: 2081-2089.
27. Mayer B., Holmer S.R., Hengstenberg C. et al.: Functional improvement in heart failure patients treated with beta-blockers is associated with a decline of cytokine levels. Int. J. Cardiol. 2005; 103: 182-6.
28. Matsumura T., Tsushima K., Ohtaki E. et al.: Effects of carvedilol on plasma levels of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in nine patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. J. Cardiol. 2002; 39: 253-7.
29. Yuan Z., Shioji K., Kihara Y. et al.: Cardioprotective effects of carvedilol on acute autoimmune myocarditis anti-inflammatory effects associated with antioxidant property. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 2004; 286: H83-H90.
30. Falciani M., Rinaldi B., D’Agostino B. et al.: Effects of nebivolol on human platelet aggregation. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 2001; 38: 922-929.
31. Vyssoulis G.P., Marinakis A.G., Aznaouridis K.A. et al.: The impact of third-generation beta-blocker antihypertensive treatment on endothelial function and the prothrombotic state: effects of smoking. Am. J. Hypertens. 2004; 17: 582-9.
32. Chłopicki S., Kozlovski V.I., Gryglewski R.J.J.: NO-dependent vasodilatation induced by nebivolol in coronary circulation is not mediated by beta-adrenoreceptors or by 5HT-1A receptors. Physiol. Pharmacol. 2002; 53: 615-624.
33. Mollnau H., Schulz E., Daiber A. et al.: Nebivolol prevents vascular NOS III uncoupling in experimental hyperlipidemia and inhibits NADPH oxidase activity in inflammatory cells. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 2003; 23: 615-621.
34. Ignarro L.J.: Experimental evidences of nitric oxide-dependent vasodilatatory activity of nebivolol, a third generation beta-blocker. Blood Pressure 2004; 13(S1): 3-17.
35. Brehm B.R., Bertsch D., von Fallois J., Wolf S.C.: Beta-blockers of the third generation inhibit endothelin-1 liberation, mRNA production and proliferation of human coronary smooth muscle and endothelial cells. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 2000; 36: 3401-3403.
36. Nakamura K., Kusano K., Nakamura Y. et al.: Carvedilol decreases elevated oxidative stress in human failing myocardium. Circulation 2002; 105: 2867-71.
37. Feuerstein G.Z., Yue T.L.: A potent antioxidant, SB 209995, inhibits oxygen-radical-mediated lipid peroxidation and cytotoxicity. Pharmacology 1994; 48: 385-391.
38. Lopez B.L., Christopher T.A., Yue T.L. et al.: Carvedilol, a new beta-adrenoreceptor blocker antihypertensive drug, protects against free-radicalinduced endothelial dysfunction. Pharmacology 1995; 51: 165-73.
39. De Grott A.A., Mathy M.J., van Zwieten P.A. et al.: Antioxidant activity of nebivolol in the rat aorta. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 2004; 43: 148-153.
40. van Os J.S., van Brummelen P., Woittiez A.J.J.: Betaxolol in obese hypertensive patients. Long-term effects on blood pressure and serum lipids. Neth. J. Med. 1992; 40: 227-231.
41. Bakris G.L., Fonseca V., Kathol R.E. et al.: for the GEMINI investigators. Metabolic effects of carvedilol vs metoprolol in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. JAMA 2004; 292: 2227-2236.
42. Malmeberg K.: Prospective randomized study of intensive insulin treatment on long term survival after acute myocardial infarction in patients with diabetes mellitus: DIGAMI study group. Br. Med. J. 1997; 314: 1512-1515.
43. Mc Donald C., Majumdar S., Mahon L.J., Johnson J.: The effectiveness of beta-blockers after myocardial infarction in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2005; 28: 2113-2117.
44. Deedwania P.C.: Diabetes and hypertension, the deadly duet: importance, therapeutic strategy, and selection of drug therapy. Cardiol. Clin. 2005; 23: 139-152.
45. Shlipak M.G.: Pharmacotherapy for heart failure in patients with renal insufficiency. Ann. Int. Med. 2003; 138: 917-924.
46. UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Efficacy of atenolol and captopril in reducing risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 39. BMJ 1998; 317: 713-720.