The role of C-reactive protein in the assessment of cardiovascular diseases Review article
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Published:
Mar 31, 2011
Keywords:
risk stratification, C-reactive protein, statins
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Abstract
The risk stratification plays an important role in daily clinical practice. The most important element is the assessment of traditional risk factors of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Using a risk assessment tool is a key step in managing coronary heart disease risk in patients. Other validated method of assessing coronary heart disease risk is the Framingham model or SCORE (Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation). The biomarkers of CVD can also improve the risk assessment. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a well-established inflammatory marker, but studies’ results have been inconclusive regarding a causal role in CVD.
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Hrynkiewicz-Szymańska, A., & Szymański , F. M. (2011). The role of C-reactive protein in the assessment of cardiovascular diseases. Medycyna Faktow (J EBM), 4(1(10), 37-42. Retrieved from https://journalsmededu.pl/index.php/jebm/article/view/2548
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References
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2. O’Donnell M.J., Xavier D., Liu L. et al.: Risk factors for ischemic and intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke in 22 countries (the INTERSTROKE study): A case-control study. Lancet 2010; 376: 112-123.
3. Pepys M.B., Hirschfield G.M.: C-reactive protein: a critical update. J. Clin. Invest. 2003; 111: 1805-1812.
4. Wald D.S., Kasturiratne A., Bestwick J.P.: The value of C-reactive protein in screening for future coronary heart disease events. J. Med. Screen. 2009; 16: 212-214.
5. de Beer F.C., Soutar A.K., Baltz M.L. et al.: Low density lipoprotein and very low density lipoprotein are selectively bound by aggregated C-reactive protein. J. Exp. Med. 1982; 156: 230-242.
6. Zhang Y.X., Cliff W.J., Schoefl G.I. et al.: Coronary C-reactive protein distribution: its relation to development of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 1999; 145: 375-379.
7. Danesh J., Whincup P., Walker M. et al.: Low grade inflammation and coronary heart disease: prospective study and updated meta-analyses. BMJ 2000; 321: 199-204.
8. Danesh J., Wheeler J.G., Hirschfield G.M. et al.: C-reactive protein and other circulating markers of inflammation in the prediction of coronary heart disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 2004; 350: 1387-1397.
9. Ridker P.M., Danielson E., Fonseca F.A. et al.: Rosuvastatin to Prevent Vascular Events in Men and Women with Elevated C-Reactive Protein. N. Engl. J. Med. 2008; 359: 2195-2207.
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11. European Guidelines on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice. Eur. J. Cardiovasc. Prev. Rehabil. 2003; 10: S1-S78.
12. Ridker P.M., Cannon C.P., Morrow D. et al.: C-Reactive Protein Levels and Outcomes after Statin Therapy. N. Engl. J. Med. 2005; 352: 20-28.
13. Kaptoge S., Di Angelantonio E., Lowe G. et al.: C-reactive protein concentration and risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and mortality: an individual participant meta-analysis. Lancet 2010; 375: 132-140.
14. 2010 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk in Asymptomatic Adults: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines: Developed in Collaboration With the American Society of Echocardiography, American Society of Nuclear Cardiology, Society of Atherosclerosis Imaging and Prevention, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, and Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2010; 56: 2182-2199.
15. Emberson J., Bennett D., Link E. et al.: Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. C-reactive protein concentration and the vascular benefits of statin therapy: an analysis of 20 536 patients in the Heart Protection Study. Lancet 2011; 377: 469-476.