Spironolactone – a lively 56-year-old, does not even think of retiring Review article
Article Sidebar
Published:
Sep 30, 2013
Keywords:
spironolactone, aldosterone, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, hypertension, heart failure, cardiovascular disease
Main Article Content
Abstract
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists are increasingly commonly used in the treatment of patients with cardiovascular disease, particularly hypertension, primary aldosteronism, and heart failure. In randomized controlled clinical trials, these drugs were shown to reduce mortality and morbidity in systolic heart failure. In the present article, the oldest drug of this class, spironolactone was reviewed. Evidence regarding the use of spironolactone in patients with hypertension, primary aldosteronism, and heart failure were summarized, particularly in the context of comparison between spironolactone and its newer competitor eplerenone.
Article Details
How to Cite
Jędrusik , P. (2013). Spironolactone – a lively 56-year-old, does not even think of retiring. Medycyna Faktow (J EBM), 6(3(20), 38-47. Retrieved from https://journalsmededu.pl/index.php/jebm/article/view/2405
Issue
Section
Articles
Copyright © by Medical Education. All rights reserved.
References
1. Nagarajan V., Chamsi-Pasha M., Tang W.H.W.: The role of aldosterone receptor antagonists in the management of heart failure: An update. Cleve. Clin. J. Med. 2012; 79: 631-639.
2. Struthers A., Krum H., Williams G.H.: A comparison of the aldosterone-blocking agents eplerenone and spironolactone. Clin. Cardiol. 2008; 31: 153-158.
3. Maron B.A., Leopold J.A.: Aldosterone antagonists: effective but often forgotten. Circulation 2010; 121: 934-939.
4. Nishizaka M.K., Zaman M.A., Calhoun D.A.: Efficacy of low-dose spironolactone in subjects with resistant hypertension. Am. J. Hypertens. 2003; 16: 925-930.
5. Jeunemaitre X., Chatellier G., Kreft-Jais C. et al.: Efficacy and tolerance of spironolactone in essential hypertension. Am. J. Cardiol. 1987; 60: 820-825.
6. Juurlink D.N., Mamdani M.M., Lee D.S. et al.: Rates of hyperkalemia after publication of the Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study. N. Engl. J. Med. 2004; 351: 543-551.
7. Vasan R.S., Evans J.C., Larson M.G. et al.: Serum aldosterone and the incidence of hypertension in nonhypertensive persons. N. Engl. J. Med. 2004; 351: 33-41.
8. Bednarz B.: Spironolakton. W: Główne leki kardiologiczne – Tom I. Biblioteka Kardiologii Polskiej. Warszawa 1997.
9. Henry M., Wehrlen M., Pelletier B. et al.: Spironolactone versus nifedipine in essential hypertension. Am. J. Cardiol. 1990; 65: 36K-38K.
10. Plouin P.F., Battaglia C., Alhenc-Gélas F. et al.: Are angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition and aldosterone antagonism equivalent in hypertensive patients over fifty? Am. J. Hypertens. 1991; 4: 356-362.
11. Catena C., Colussi G., Lapenna R. et al.: Long-term cardiac effects of adrenalectomy or mineralocorticoid antagonists in patients with primary aldosteronism. Hypertension 2007; 50: 911-918.
12. Gaddam K., Pimenta E., Thomas S.J. et al.: Spironolactone reduces severity of obstructive sleep apnoea in patients with resistant hypertension: a preliminary report. J. Hum. Hypertens. 2010; 24: 532-537.
13. Chapman N., Dobson J., Wilson S. et al.: Effect of spironolactone on blood pressure in subjects with resistant hypertension. Hypertension 2007; 49: 1-7.
14. Vaclavik J., Sedlak R., Plachy M. et al.: Addition of spironolactone in patients with resistant arterial hypertension (ASPIRANT): a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Hypertension 2011; 57: 1069-1075.
15. Pitt B., Zannad F., Remme W.J. et al.: The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. N. Engl. J. Med. 1999; 341: 709-717.
16. Hamaguchi S., Kinugawa S., Tsuchihashi-Makaya M. et al.: Spironolactone use at discharge was associated with improved survival in hospitalized patients with systolic heart failure. Am. Heart J. 2010; 160: 1156-62.
17. Hayashi M., Tsutamoto T., Wada A. et al.: Immediate administration of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone prevents postinfarct left ventricular remodeling associated with suppression of a marker of myocardial collagen synthesis in patients with first anterior acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 2003; 107: 2559-2565.
18. Pitt B., Remme W., Zannad F. et al.: Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. N. Engl. J. Med. 2003; 348: 1309-1321.
19. Zannad F., McMurray J.J.V., Krum H. et al.: Eplerenone in patients with systolic heart failure and mild symptoms. N. Engl. J. Med. 2011; 364: 11-21.
20. McMurray J.J.V., Adamopoulos S., Anker S.D. et al.: ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012. Eur. Heart J. 2012; 33: 1787-1847.
21. Yancy C.W., Jessup M., Bozkurt B. et al.: 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation 2013 [online: doi: 10.1161/ CIR.0b013e31829e8776].
22. Edelmann F., Schmidt A.G., Gelbrich G. et al.: Rationale and design of the ‘aldosterone receptor blockade in diastolic heart failure’ trial: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel group study to determine the effects of spironolactone on exercise capacity and diastolic function in patients with symptomatic diastolic heart failure (Aldo-DHF). Eur. J. Heart Fail. 2010; 12: 874-882.
23. Bianchi S., Bigazzi R., Campese V.M.: Long-term effects of spironolactone on proteinuria and kidney function in patients with chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2006; 70: 2116-2123.
24. Schjoedt K.J., Rossing K., Juhl T.R. et al.: Beneficial impact of spironolactone on nephrotic range albuminuria in diabetic nephropathy. Kidney Int. 2006; 70: 536-542.
25. Navaneethan S.D., Nigwekar S.U., Sehgal A.R. et al.: Aldosterone antagonists for preventing the progression of chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 2009; 4: 542-551.
26. Shibata H., Itoh H.: Mineralocorticoid receptor-associated hypertension and its organ damage: clinical relevance for resistant hypertension. Am. J. Hypertens. 2012; 25: 514-523.
27. Parthasarathy K.H., Menard J., White W.B.: A double-blind, randomized study comparing the antihypertensive effect of eplerenone and spironolactone in patients with hypertension and evidence of primary aldosteronism. J. Hypertens. 2011; 29: 980-990.
28. Weinberger M.H., Roniker B., Krause S.L. et al.: Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, in mild-to-moderate hypertension. Am. J. Hypertens. 2002; 15: 709-716.
29. Unger T., Paulis L., Sica D.A.: Therapeutic perspectives in hypertension: novel means for renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system modulation and emerging device-based approaches. Eur. Heart J. 2011; 32: 2739-2747.
30. Chatterjee S., Moeller C., Shah N. et al.: Eplerenone is not superior to older and less expensive aldosterone antagonists. Am. J. Med. 2012; 125: 817-825.
2. Struthers A., Krum H., Williams G.H.: A comparison of the aldosterone-blocking agents eplerenone and spironolactone. Clin. Cardiol. 2008; 31: 153-158.
3. Maron B.A., Leopold J.A.: Aldosterone antagonists: effective but often forgotten. Circulation 2010; 121: 934-939.
4. Nishizaka M.K., Zaman M.A., Calhoun D.A.: Efficacy of low-dose spironolactone in subjects with resistant hypertension. Am. J. Hypertens. 2003; 16: 925-930.
5. Jeunemaitre X., Chatellier G., Kreft-Jais C. et al.: Efficacy and tolerance of spironolactone in essential hypertension. Am. J. Cardiol. 1987; 60: 820-825.
6. Juurlink D.N., Mamdani M.M., Lee D.S. et al.: Rates of hyperkalemia after publication of the Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study. N. Engl. J. Med. 2004; 351: 543-551.
7. Vasan R.S., Evans J.C., Larson M.G. et al.: Serum aldosterone and the incidence of hypertension in nonhypertensive persons. N. Engl. J. Med. 2004; 351: 33-41.
8. Bednarz B.: Spironolakton. W: Główne leki kardiologiczne – Tom I. Biblioteka Kardiologii Polskiej. Warszawa 1997.
9. Henry M., Wehrlen M., Pelletier B. et al.: Spironolactone versus nifedipine in essential hypertension. Am. J. Cardiol. 1990; 65: 36K-38K.
10. Plouin P.F., Battaglia C., Alhenc-Gélas F. et al.: Are angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition and aldosterone antagonism equivalent in hypertensive patients over fifty? Am. J. Hypertens. 1991; 4: 356-362.
11. Catena C., Colussi G., Lapenna R. et al.: Long-term cardiac effects of adrenalectomy or mineralocorticoid antagonists in patients with primary aldosteronism. Hypertension 2007; 50: 911-918.
12. Gaddam K., Pimenta E., Thomas S.J. et al.: Spironolactone reduces severity of obstructive sleep apnoea in patients with resistant hypertension: a preliminary report. J. Hum. Hypertens. 2010; 24: 532-537.
13. Chapman N., Dobson J., Wilson S. et al.: Effect of spironolactone on blood pressure in subjects with resistant hypertension. Hypertension 2007; 49: 1-7.
14. Vaclavik J., Sedlak R., Plachy M. et al.: Addition of spironolactone in patients with resistant arterial hypertension (ASPIRANT): a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Hypertension 2011; 57: 1069-1075.
15. Pitt B., Zannad F., Remme W.J. et al.: The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. N. Engl. J. Med. 1999; 341: 709-717.
16. Hamaguchi S., Kinugawa S., Tsuchihashi-Makaya M. et al.: Spironolactone use at discharge was associated with improved survival in hospitalized patients with systolic heart failure. Am. Heart J. 2010; 160: 1156-62.
17. Hayashi M., Tsutamoto T., Wada A. et al.: Immediate administration of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone prevents postinfarct left ventricular remodeling associated with suppression of a marker of myocardial collagen synthesis in patients with first anterior acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 2003; 107: 2559-2565.
18. Pitt B., Remme W., Zannad F. et al.: Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. N. Engl. J. Med. 2003; 348: 1309-1321.
19. Zannad F., McMurray J.J.V., Krum H. et al.: Eplerenone in patients with systolic heart failure and mild symptoms. N. Engl. J. Med. 2011; 364: 11-21.
20. McMurray J.J.V., Adamopoulos S., Anker S.D. et al.: ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012. Eur. Heart J. 2012; 33: 1787-1847.
21. Yancy C.W., Jessup M., Bozkurt B. et al.: 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation 2013 [online: doi: 10.1161/ CIR.0b013e31829e8776].
22. Edelmann F., Schmidt A.G., Gelbrich G. et al.: Rationale and design of the ‘aldosterone receptor blockade in diastolic heart failure’ trial: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel group study to determine the effects of spironolactone on exercise capacity and diastolic function in patients with symptomatic diastolic heart failure (Aldo-DHF). Eur. J. Heart Fail. 2010; 12: 874-882.
23. Bianchi S., Bigazzi R., Campese V.M.: Long-term effects of spironolactone on proteinuria and kidney function in patients with chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2006; 70: 2116-2123.
24. Schjoedt K.J., Rossing K., Juhl T.R. et al.: Beneficial impact of spironolactone on nephrotic range albuminuria in diabetic nephropathy. Kidney Int. 2006; 70: 536-542.
25. Navaneethan S.D., Nigwekar S.U., Sehgal A.R. et al.: Aldosterone antagonists for preventing the progression of chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 2009; 4: 542-551.
26. Shibata H., Itoh H.: Mineralocorticoid receptor-associated hypertension and its organ damage: clinical relevance for resistant hypertension. Am. J. Hypertens. 2012; 25: 514-523.
27. Parthasarathy K.H., Menard J., White W.B.: A double-blind, randomized study comparing the antihypertensive effect of eplerenone and spironolactone in patients with hypertension and evidence of primary aldosteronism. J. Hypertens. 2011; 29: 980-990.
28. Weinberger M.H., Roniker B., Krause S.L. et al.: Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, in mild-to-moderate hypertension. Am. J. Hypertens. 2002; 15: 709-716.
29. Unger T., Paulis L., Sica D.A.: Therapeutic perspectives in hypertension: novel means for renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system modulation and emerging device-based approaches. Eur. Heart J. 2011; 32: 2739-2747.
30. Chatterjee S., Moeller C., Shah N. et al.: Eplerenone is not superior to older and less expensive aldosterone antagonists. Am. J. Med. 2012; 125: 817-825.