Generics versus brand-name – is switching always beneficial? Review article
Main Article Content
Abstract
Generic substitution is a cost containment strategy for the management of health care resource and also provides significant cost savings for patients. In many situations switching between generic forms may raises therapeutic problems. Specifically, several studies suggested that switching may negatively impact medication adherence, whereas other studies found that generic switching was associated with poorer clinical outcomes and more adverse events. In some instances, switching accomplished cost savings but did so at increased total cost of care because of increased physician visits or hospitalizations. Although in many cases generics may represent an appropriate alternative, mandatory generic switching may lead to unintended consequences, especially in certain therapeutic areas.
Article Details
Copyright © by Medical Education. All rights reserved.
References
2. Shrank W.H., Liberman J.N., Fischer M.A. et al.: Physician perceptions about generic drugs. Ann. Pharmacother. 2011; 45(1): 31-38.
3. Meredith P.: Bioequivalence and other unresolved issues in generic drug substitution. Clin. Ther. 2003; 25: 2875-2890.
4. Levy G.: What are narrow therapeutic index drugs? Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 1998; 63: 501-505.
5. Shaw J.S., Hartman A.L.: The Controversy over Generic Antiepileptic Drugs. J. Pediatr. Pharmacol. Ther. 2010; 15: 81-93.
6. Dong-Seok Y.: Simulation of the AUC Changes after Generic Substitution in Patients. J. Korean Med. Sci. 2009; 24: 7-12.
7. Komunikaty GIF [online].
8. AMAS. Generic Medicine Switches Confuse Patients and Reduce Adherence. [online: http://www.gabionline.net/Reports/Generic-medicine-switches- confuse-patientsand- reduce-adherence].
9. Himmel W., Simmenroth-Nayda A., Niebling W. et al.: What do primary care patients think about generic drugs? Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 2005; 43: 472-479.
10. Heikkilä R., Mäntyselkä P., Ahonen R.: Do people regard cheaper medicines effective? Population survey on public opinion of generic substitution in Finland. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug. Saf. 2011; 20: 185-191.
11. Heikkilä R., Mäntyselkä P., Hartikainen-Herranen K. et al.: Customers’ and physicians’ opinions of and experiences with generic substitution during the first year in Finland. Health Policy 2007; 82: 366-374.
12. Kjoenniksen I., Lindbaek M., Granas A.G.: Patients’ attitudes towards and experiences of generic drug substitution in Norway. Pharm. World Sci. 2006; 28: 284-289.
13. Weissenfeld J., Stock S., Lüngen M. et al.: The nocebo effect: a reason for patients’ non-adherence to generic substitution? Pharmazie 2010; 65: 451-456.
14. Babar Z.U., Stewart J., Reddy S. et al.: An evaluation of consumers’ knowledge, perceptions and attitudes regarding generic medicines in Auckland. Pharm. World Sci. 2010; 32: 440-448.
15. Helmers S.L., Paradis P.E., Manjunath R. et al.: Economic burden associated with the use of generic antiepileptic drugs in the United States. Epilepsy Behav. 2010; 18: 437-444.
16. Johnston A., Stafylas P., Stergiou G.S.: Effectiveness, safety and cost of drug substitution in hypertension. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 2010; 70: 320-334.