Venlafaxine – pharmacology and application in clinical practice Review article
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Published:
Sep 30, 2018
Keywords:
venlafaxine, depression, anxiety disorders
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Abstract
Venlafaxine (serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor) is being used in clinical practice for over 20 years. Currently, its main use is the treatment of depressive and anxiety disorders. (…) Venlafaxine is one of the most commonly used antidepressants due to beneficial pharmacological properties, satisfactory efficacy and tolerability of treatment.
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Gorostowicz, A., & Siwek , M. (2018). Venlafaxine – pharmacology and application in clinical practice. Medycyna Faktow (J EBM), 11(3(40), 199-205. https://doi.org/10.24292/01.MF.0318.6
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References
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8. Gałązka-Sobotka M. (red.): Depresja – analiza kosztów ekonomicznych i społecznych. Instytut Zarządzania w Ochronie Zdrowia, Warszawa 2014.
9. Cipriani A., Furukawa T.A., Salanti G. et al.: Comparative efficacy and acceptability of 21 antidepressant drugs for the acute treatment of adults with major depressive disorder: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Lancet 2018; 391(10128): 1357-1366.
10. Magalhães P., Alves G., LLerena A. et al.: Clinical drug-drug interactions: focus on venlafaxine. Drug Metab. Pers. Ther. 2015; 30(1): 3-17.
11. Gutierrez M.A., Stimmel G.L., Aiso J.Y.: Venlafaxine: a 2003 update. Clin. Ther. 2003; 25(8): 2138-2154.
12. Debonnel G., Saint-André E., Hébert C. et al.: Differential physiological effects of a low dose and high doses of venlafaxine in major depression. Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2007; 10(1): 51-61.
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15. Cipriani A., Signoretti A., Furukawa T.A. et al.: Venlafaxine versus other anti-depressive agents for depression. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2007; (2).
16. Carvalho A.F., Sharma M.S., Brunoni A.R. et al.: The Safety, Tolerability and Risks Associated with the Use of Newer Generation Antidepressant Drugs: A Critical Review of the Literature. Psychother. Psychosom. 2016; 85(5): 270-288.
17. Bazire S.: Psychotropic Drug Directory 2018. Lloyd-Reinhold Publications, London 2018.
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19. Mbaya P., Alam F., Ashim S. et al.: Cardiovascular effects of high dose venlafaxine XL in patients with major depressive disorder. Hum. Psychopharmacol. 2007; 22(3): 129-133.
20. Thase M.E.: Effects of venlafaxine on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of original data from 3744 depressed patients. J. Clin. Psychiatry 1998; 59(10): 502-508.
21. Martinez C., Assimes T.L., Mines D. et al.: Use of venlafaxine compared with other antidepressants and the risk of sudden cardiac death or near death: a nested case-control study. BMJ 2010; 340: c249.
22. McIntyre R.S., Park K.Y., Law C.W. et al.: The association between conventional antidepressants and the metabolic syndrome: a review of the evidence and clinical implications. CNS Drugs 2010; 24(9): 741-753.
23. Domecq J.P., Prutsky G., Leppin A. et al.: Drugs Commonly Associated With Weight Change: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2015; 100(2): 363-370.
24. Ah-Kee E.Y., Egong E., Shafi A. et al.: A review of drug-induced acute angle closure glaucoma for non-ophthalmologists. Qatar. Med. J. 2015; 2015(1): 6.
25. Botha V.E., Bhikoo R., Merriman M.: Venlafaxine-induced intraocular pressure rise in a patient with open angle glaucoma. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol. 2016; 44(8): 734-735.
26. Telles-Correia D., Barbosa A., Cortez-Pinto H. et al.: Psychotropic drugs and liver disease: A critical review of pharmacokinetics and liver toxicity. World J. Gastrointest. Pharmacol. Ther. 2017; 8(1): 26-38.
27. Friedrich M.E., Akimova E., Huf W. et al.: Drug-Induced Liver Injury during Antidepressant Treatment: Results of AMSP, a Drug Surveillance Program. Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2016; 19(4).
28. Waade R.B., Hermann M., Moe H.L. et al.: Impact of age on serum concentrations of venlafaxine and escitalopram in different CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 genotype subgroups. Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 2014; 70(8): 933-940.
29. Ho J.M., Gomes T., Straus S.E. et al.: Adverse cardiac events in older patients receiving venlafaxine: a population-based study. J. Clin. Psychiatry 2014; 75(6): e552-558.
30. Spina E., Santoro V., D’Arrigo C.: Clinically relevant pharmacokinetic drug interactions with second-generation antidepressants: an update. Clin. Ther. 2008; 30(7): 1206-1227.
31. Spina E., Trifirò G., Caraci F.: Clinically significant drug interactions with newer antidepressants. CNS Drugs 2012; 26(1): 39-67.
32. Woroń J., Siwek M.: Unwanted effects of psychotropic drug interactions with medicinal products and diet supplements containing plant extracts. Psychiatr. Pol. Online first 2018; 92: 1-15.
33. Cunningham L.A.: Once-daily venlafaxine extended release (XR) and venlafaxine immediate release (IR) in outpatients with major depression. Venlafaxine XR 208 Study Group. Ann. Clin. Psychiatry 1997; 9(3): 157-164.
34. Rudolph R.L., Feiger A.D.: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of once-daily venlafaxine extended release (XR) and fluoxetine for the treatment of depression. J. Affect. Disord. 1999; 56(2-3): 171-181.
35. Schweizer E., Feighner J., Mandos L.A. et al.: Comparison of venlafaxine and imipramine in the acute treatment of major depression in outpatients. J. Clin. Psychiatry 1994; 55(3): 104-108.
36. Thase M.E.; The Venlafaxine XR 209 Study Group: Efficacy and tolerability of once-daily venlafaxine extended release (XR) in outpatients with major depression. J. Clin. Psychiatry 1997; 58(9): 393-398.
37. Higuchi T., Kamijima K., Nakagome K. et al.: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of venlafaxine extended release and a long-term extension study for patients with major depressive disorder in Japan. Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 2016; 31(1): 8-19.
38. Watanabe K., Thase M.E., Kikuchi T. et al.: Long-term function and psychosocial outcomes with venlafaxine extended release 75-225 mg/day versus placebo in the PREVENT study. Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 2017; 32(5): 271-280.
39. Bauer M., Tharmanathan P., Volz H.P. et al.: The effect of venlafaxine compared with other antidepressants and placebo in the treatment of major depression: a meta-analysis. Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 2009; 259(3): 172-185.
40. Thase M., Asami Y., Wajsbrot D. et al.: A meta-analysis of the efficacy of venlafaxine extended release 75-225 mg/day for the treatment of major depressive disorder. Curr. Med. Res. Opin. 2017; 33(2): 317-326.
41. Tundo A., de Filippis R., Proietti L.: Pharmacologic approaches to treatment resistant depression: Evidences and personal experience. World J. Psychiatry 2015; 5(3): 330-341.
42. Allgulander C., Mangano R., Zhang J. et al.: Efficacy of Venlafaxine ER in patients with social anxiety disorder: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group comparison with paroxetine. Hum. Psychopharmacol. 2004; 19(6): 387-396.
43. Stein M.B., Pollack M.H., Bystritsky A. et al.: Efficacy of low and higher dose extended-release venlafaxine in generalized social anxiety disorder: A 6-month randomized controlled trial. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2005; 177: 280-288.
44. Liebowitz M.R., Gelenberg A.J., Munjack D.: Venlafaxine extended release vs placebo and paroxetine in social anxiety disorder. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 2005A; 62(2): 190-198.
45. Liebowitz M.R., Mangano R.M., Bradwejn J. et al.; SAD Study Group: A randomized controlled trial of venlafaxine extended release in generalized social anxiety disorder. J. Clin. Psychiatry 2005; 66: 238-247.
46. Rickels K., Mangano R., Khan A.: A double-blind, placebocontrolled study of a flexible dose of venlafaxine ER in adult outpatients with generalized social anxiety disorder. J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 2004; 24: 488-496.
47. Davidson J.R., DuPont R.L., Hedges D. et al.: Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of venlafaxine extended release and buspirone in outpatients with generalized anxiety disorder. J. Clin. Psychiatry 1999; 60(8): 528-535.
48. Rickels K., Pollack M.H., Sheehan D.V. et al.: Efficacy of extended-release venlafaxine in nondepressed outpatients with generalized anxiety disorder. Am. J. Psychiatry 2000; 157(6): 968-974.
49. Gelenberg A.J., Lydiard R.B., Rudolph R.L. et al.: Efficacy of venlafaxine extended-release capsules in nondepressed outpatients with generalized anxiety disorder: A 6-month randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2000; 283(23): 3082-3088.
50. Allgulander C., Hackett D., Salinas E.: Venlafaxine extended release (ER) in the treatment of generalised anxiety disorder: twenty-four-week placebo-controlled dose-ranging study. Br. J. Psychiatry 2001; 179: 15-22.
51. Li X., Zhu L., Su Y. et al.: Short-term efficacy and tolerability of venlafaxine extended release in adults with generalized anxiety disorder without depression: A meta-analysis. PLoS One 2017; 12(10): e0185865.
52. Andrisano C., Chiesa A., Serretti A.: Newer antidepressants and panic disorder: a meta-analysis. Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 2013; 28(1): 33-45.
53. Jarema M. (red.): Standardy leczenia farmakologicznego niektórych zaburzeń psychicznych. Wyd. 2. Via Medica, Gdańsk 2015.
54. Charakterystyka produktu leczniczego: wenlafaksyna
2. Rybakowski J., Jaracz J.: Farmakologiczne i kliniczne własności wenlafaksyny, nowego leku przeciwdepresyjnego. Farmakoter. Psychiatr. Neurol. 2000; 1: 83-96.
3. [online: https://bazalekow.mp.pl/].
4. Cascade E.F., Kalali A.H., Thase M.E.: Use of Antidepressants. Expansion Beyond Depression and Anxiety. Psychiatry (Edgmont) 2007; 4(12): 25-28.
5. GBD 2015; Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators: Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet 2016; 388(10053): 1545-1602.
6. [online: http://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/depression].
7. Greenberg P.E., Fournier A.A., Sisitsky T. et al.: The economic burden of adults with major depressive disorder in the United States (2005 and 2010). J. Clin. Psychiatry 2015; 76(2): 155-162.
8. Gałązka-Sobotka M. (red.): Depresja – analiza kosztów ekonomicznych i społecznych. Instytut Zarządzania w Ochronie Zdrowia, Warszawa 2014.
9. Cipriani A., Furukawa T.A., Salanti G. et al.: Comparative efficacy and acceptability of 21 antidepressant drugs for the acute treatment of adults with major depressive disorder: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Lancet 2018; 391(10128): 1357-1366.
10. Magalhães P., Alves G., LLerena A. et al.: Clinical drug-drug interactions: focus on venlafaxine. Drug Metab. Pers. Ther. 2015; 30(1): 3-17.
11. Gutierrez M.A., Stimmel G.L., Aiso J.Y.: Venlafaxine: a 2003 update. Clin. Ther. 2003; 25(8): 2138-2154.
12. Debonnel G., Saint-André E., Hébert C. et al.: Differential physiological effects of a low dose and high doses of venlafaxine in major depression. Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2007; 10(1): 51-61.
13. Stahl S.M. (red.): Stahl’s Essential Psychopharmacology. Cambridge University Press, New York 2013.
14. [online: https://www.pfizermedicalinformation.com/en-us/effexor-xr/clinical-pharmacology].
15. Cipriani A., Signoretti A., Furukawa T.A. et al.: Venlafaxine versus other anti-depressive agents for depression. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2007; (2).
16. Carvalho A.F., Sharma M.S., Brunoni A.R. et al.: The Safety, Tolerability and Risks Associated with the Use of Newer Generation Antidepressant Drugs: A Critical Review of the Literature. Psychother. Psychosom. 2016; 85(5): 270-288.
17. Bazire S.: Psychotropic Drug Directory 2018. Lloyd-Reinhold Publications, London 2018.
18. Harrison C.L., Ferrier N., Young A.H.: Tolerability of high-dose venlafaxine in depressed patients. J. Psychopharmacol. 2004; 18(2): 200-204.
19. Mbaya P., Alam F., Ashim S. et al.: Cardiovascular effects of high dose venlafaxine XL in patients with major depressive disorder. Hum. Psychopharmacol. 2007; 22(3): 129-133.
20. Thase M.E.: Effects of venlafaxine on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of original data from 3744 depressed patients. J. Clin. Psychiatry 1998; 59(10): 502-508.
21. Martinez C., Assimes T.L., Mines D. et al.: Use of venlafaxine compared with other antidepressants and the risk of sudden cardiac death or near death: a nested case-control study. BMJ 2010; 340: c249.
22. McIntyre R.S., Park K.Y., Law C.W. et al.: The association between conventional antidepressants and the metabolic syndrome: a review of the evidence and clinical implications. CNS Drugs 2010; 24(9): 741-753.
23. Domecq J.P., Prutsky G., Leppin A. et al.: Drugs Commonly Associated With Weight Change: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2015; 100(2): 363-370.
24. Ah-Kee E.Y., Egong E., Shafi A. et al.: A review of drug-induced acute angle closure glaucoma for non-ophthalmologists. Qatar. Med. J. 2015; 2015(1): 6.
25. Botha V.E., Bhikoo R., Merriman M.: Venlafaxine-induced intraocular pressure rise in a patient with open angle glaucoma. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol. 2016; 44(8): 734-735.
26. Telles-Correia D., Barbosa A., Cortez-Pinto H. et al.: Psychotropic drugs and liver disease: A critical review of pharmacokinetics and liver toxicity. World J. Gastrointest. Pharmacol. Ther. 2017; 8(1): 26-38.
27. Friedrich M.E., Akimova E., Huf W. et al.: Drug-Induced Liver Injury during Antidepressant Treatment: Results of AMSP, a Drug Surveillance Program. Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2016; 19(4).
28. Waade R.B., Hermann M., Moe H.L. et al.: Impact of age on serum concentrations of venlafaxine and escitalopram in different CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 genotype subgroups. Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 2014; 70(8): 933-940.
29. Ho J.M., Gomes T., Straus S.E. et al.: Adverse cardiac events in older patients receiving venlafaxine: a population-based study. J. Clin. Psychiatry 2014; 75(6): e552-558.
30. Spina E., Santoro V., D’Arrigo C.: Clinically relevant pharmacokinetic drug interactions with second-generation antidepressants: an update. Clin. Ther. 2008; 30(7): 1206-1227.
31. Spina E., Trifirò G., Caraci F.: Clinically significant drug interactions with newer antidepressants. CNS Drugs 2012; 26(1): 39-67.
32. Woroń J., Siwek M.: Unwanted effects of psychotropic drug interactions with medicinal products and diet supplements containing plant extracts. Psychiatr. Pol. Online first 2018; 92: 1-15.
33. Cunningham L.A.: Once-daily venlafaxine extended release (XR) and venlafaxine immediate release (IR) in outpatients with major depression. Venlafaxine XR 208 Study Group. Ann. Clin. Psychiatry 1997; 9(3): 157-164.
34. Rudolph R.L., Feiger A.D.: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of once-daily venlafaxine extended release (XR) and fluoxetine for the treatment of depression. J. Affect. Disord. 1999; 56(2-3): 171-181.
35. Schweizer E., Feighner J., Mandos L.A. et al.: Comparison of venlafaxine and imipramine in the acute treatment of major depression in outpatients. J. Clin. Psychiatry 1994; 55(3): 104-108.
36. Thase M.E.; The Venlafaxine XR 209 Study Group: Efficacy and tolerability of once-daily venlafaxine extended release (XR) in outpatients with major depression. J. Clin. Psychiatry 1997; 58(9): 393-398.
37. Higuchi T., Kamijima K., Nakagome K. et al.: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of venlafaxine extended release and a long-term extension study for patients with major depressive disorder in Japan. Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 2016; 31(1): 8-19.
38. Watanabe K., Thase M.E., Kikuchi T. et al.: Long-term function and psychosocial outcomes with venlafaxine extended release 75-225 mg/day versus placebo in the PREVENT study. Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 2017; 32(5): 271-280.
39. Bauer M., Tharmanathan P., Volz H.P. et al.: The effect of venlafaxine compared with other antidepressants and placebo in the treatment of major depression: a meta-analysis. Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 2009; 259(3): 172-185.
40. Thase M., Asami Y., Wajsbrot D. et al.: A meta-analysis of the efficacy of venlafaxine extended release 75-225 mg/day for the treatment of major depressive disorder. Curr. Med. Res. Opin. 2017; 33(2): 317-326.
41. Tundo A., de Filippis R., Proietti L.: Pharmacologic approaches to treatment resistant depression: Evidences and personal experience. World J. Psychiatry 2015; 5(3): 330-341.
42. Allgulander C., Mangano R., Zhang J. et al.: Efficacy of Venlafaxine ER in patients with social anxiety disorder: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group comparison with paroxetine. Hum. Psychopharmacol. 2004; 19(6): 387-396.
43. Stein M.B., Pollack M.H., Bystritsky A. et al.: Efficacy of low and higher dose extended-release venlafaxine in generalized social anxiety disorder: A 6-month randomized controlled trial. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2005; 177: 280-288.
44. Liebowitz M.R., Gelenberg A.J., Munjack D.: Venlafaxine extended release vs placebo and paroxetine in social anxiety disorder. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 2005A; 62(2): 190-198.
45. Liebowitz M.R., Mangano R.M., Bradwejn J. et al.; SAD Study Group: A randomized controlled trial of venlafaxine extended release in generalized social anxiety disorder. J. Clin. Psychiatry 2005; 66: 238-247.
46. Rickels K., Mangano R., Khan A.: A double-blind, placebocontrolled study of a flexible dose of venlafaxine ER in adult outpatients with generalized social anxiety disorder. J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 2004; 24: 488-496.
47. Davidson J.R., DuPont R.L., Hedges D. et al.: Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of venlafaxine extended release and buspirone in outpatients with generalized anxiety disorder. J. Clin. Psychiatry 1999; 60(8): 528-535.
48. Rickels K., Pollack M.H., Sheehan D.V. et al.: Efficacy of extended-release venlafaxine in nondepressed outpatients with generalized anxiety disorder. Am. J. Psychiatry 2000; 157(6): 968-974.
49. Gelenberg A.J., Lydiard R.B., Rudolph R.L. et al.: Efficacy of venlafaxine extended-release capsules in nondepressed outpatients with generalized anxiety disorder: A 6-month randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2000; 283(23): 3082-3088.
50. Allgulander C., Hackett D., Salinas E.: Venlafaxine extended release (ER) in the treatment of generalised anxiety disorder: twenty-four-week placebo-controlled dose-ranging study. Br. J. Psychiatry 2001; 179: 15-22.
51. Li X., Zhu L., Su Y. et al.: Short-term efficacy and tolerability of venlafaxine extended release in adults with generalized anxiety disorder without depression: A meta-analysis. PLoS One 2017; 12(10): e0185865.
52. Andrisano C., Chiesa A., Serretti A.: Newer antidepressants and panic disorder: a meta-analysis. Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 2013; 28(1): 33-45.
53. Jarema M. (red.): Standardy leczenia farmakologicznego niektórych zaburzeń psychicznych. Wyd. 2. Via Medica, Gdańsk 2015.
54. Charakterystyka produktu leczniczego: wenlafaksyna