Lack of correlation between specific rBetv1, rBetv2 IgE and cross-reactive food allergens in birch pollen allergic patients
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Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence and profile of IgE-mediated food and/or inhaled allergy in patients sensitized to birch pollen t3 (+) of isolated allergy to Bet v 1 endotype compared to a combination of Bet v 1/Bet v 2, isolated Bet v 2 or isolated t3 (+) without the presence of the mentioned components. 980 in vitro analyses were performed in 49 subjects with birch pollinosis phenotype [typical symptoms, skin tests (+), sIgE t3 (+)]. The subjects were divided into 4 groups basing on rBet v 1/rBet v 2 components: endotype A = t3 (+), rBet v 1 (+), rBet v 2 (–); endotype B = t3 (+), rBet v 1 (+), rBet v 2 (+); endotype C = t3 (+), rBet v 1 (–), rBet v 2 (+); endotype D = t3 (+), rBet v 1 (–), rBet v 2 (–). Polycheck rBet v plus panel (Biocheck, Germany) was used for sIgE evaluation. In the whole group with sIgE t3 (+) reaction, the prevalence of IgE-dependent food allergy was about 40% and inhaled allergy from > 93% (alder) to 25% (latex). In the subgroup of 36 endotype A patients, inhaled cross-reactions included most frequently alder (83,7%) and hazel (73,5%), significantly positive correlation, and in food allergy most often: hazelnuts (26,5%) and citrus fruits (24,5%), no statistically significant pollen-food correlations were found. Simultaneous measurement of the components of birch pollen Bet v 1 and Bet v 2 did not increase the accuracy of the diagnosis even in endotype B, where both results were positive. In endotype C, food cross-reactivity was confirmed only in about 6%. Cross-reactions were observed occasionally in rare endotype D. Evaluation of the presence of sIgE to Bet v 1 and Bet v 2 components demonstrated, irrespective of the analysis of endotypes, both in relation to inhaled and food allergens high compliance of the diagnostics with the help of sIgE to t3 and Bet v 1 component but very low with the use of Bet v 2 component.
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Address reprint requests to: Medical Education, Marcin Kuźma (marcin.kuzma@mededu.pl)
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