Are heated tobacco products a healthy alternative to cigarettes? Review article
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Published:
Mar 31, 2021
Keywords:
heated tobacco products, cigarettes, IQOS, smoking, alternative
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Abstract
As well as being an extremely widespread addiction, tobacco smoking is a well-known cause of numerous deaths around the world. Most (80–90%) of lung cancer cases occur among smokers. The awareness of harmful effects of smoking is growing constantly. Manufacturers of tobacco products have recently opted to face this challenge by marketing heated tobacco products. Based on the performed research, tobacco companies maintain that these products are less harmful. They advertise their products as a smokeless, unconventional, less harmful cigarette. Due to the short follow-up period, the studies on consequences of using heated tobacco products are still scarce. This article presents a review of the literature focused on the use of heated tobacco products as an alternative to traditional cigarettes.
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Romaszko-Wojtowicz A, Doboszyńska A, Nawrocki S. Are heated tobacco products a healthy alternative to cigarettes?. OncoReview [Internet]. 2021Mar.31 [cited 2024Nov.22];11(1(41):5-11. Available from: https://journalsmededu.pl/index.php/OncoReview/article/view/1303
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright: © Medical Education sp. z o.o. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0). License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.
Address reprint requests to: Medical Education, Marcin Kuźma (marcin.kuzma@mededu.pl)
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6. Pratte P, Cosandey S, Goujon Ginglinger C. Investigation of solid particles in the mainstream aerosol of the Tobacco Heating System THS2. 2 and mainstream smoke of a 3R4F reference cigarette. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2017; 36(11): 1115-20.
7. Wong ET, Kogel U, Veljkovic E et al. Evaluation of the Tobacco Heating System 2.2. Part 4: 90-day OECD 413 rat inhalation study with systems toxicology endpoints demonstrates reduced exposure effects compared with cigarette smoke. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2016; 81: S59-S81.
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11. Borland R, Partos TR, Yong HH et al. How much unsuccessful quitting activity is going on among adult smokers? Data from the International Tobacco Control Four Country cohort survey. Addiction. 2012; 107(3): 673-82.
12. Etter JF, Perneger TV, Ronchi A. Distributions of smokers by stage: international comparison and association with smoking prevalence. Prev Med. 1997; 26(4): 580-5.
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16. Agudo A, Bonet C, Travier N et al. Impact of cigarette smoking on cancer risk in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition study. J Clin Oncol. 2012; 30(36): 4550-7.
17. Doll R, Peto R, Boreham J et al. Mortality in relation to smoking: 50 years’ observations on male British doctors. BMJ. 2004; 328(7455): 1519.
18. Kiiskinen U, Vartiainen E, Puska P et al. Long-term cost and life-expectancy consequences of hypertension. J Hypertens. 1998; 16(8): 1103-12.
19. Hay SI, Abajobir AA, Abate KH et al. Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 333 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet. 2017; 390(10100): 1260-344.
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26. Calm J. The cancer problem. Sci Am. 1975; 233: 64-78.
27. Islami F, Torre lA, Jemal A. Global trends of lung cancer mortality and smoking prevalence. Transl Lung Cancer Res. 2015; 4(4): 327.
28. Tindle HA, Stevenson Duncan M, Greevy RA et al. Lifetime smoking history and risk of lung cancer: results from the Framingham Heart Study. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2018; 110(11): 1201-7.
29. Mallock N, Böss L, Burk R et al. Levels of selected analytes in the emissions of “heat not burn” tobacco products that are relevant to assess human health risks. Arch Toxicol. 2018; 92: 2145-9.
30. Lee A, Lee SY, Lee KS. The use of heated tobacco products is associated with asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis in Korean adolescents. Sci Rep. 2019; 9(1): 1-8.
31. Chaaban T. Acute eosinophilic pneumonia associated with non-cigarette smoking products: a systematic review. Adv Respir Med. 2020; 88(2): 142-6.
32. Glantz SA, Barnes DE, Bero L et al. The Cigarette Papers. Chapter 4: The Search for a „Safe” Cigarette. CA University of California Press, Berkeley, 1996.
33. US Department of Health and Human Services. The tobacco industry’s influences on the use of tobacco among youth and young adults. Preventing tobacco use among youth and young adults: A report of the Surgeon General 2012: 483-603.
34. Chaudhuri S. BAT to submit FDA application to sell Glo in U.S. MarketWatch, 2017.
35. British American Tobacco. E-cigarettes and other Next Generation Products.
36. Glantz SA. Heated tobacco products: the example of IQOS. Tob Control. 2018; 27(suppl 1): s1-s6.
37. Caputi TL. Industry watch: heat-not-burn tobacco products are about to reach their boiling point. Tob Control. 2017; 26(5): 609-10.
38. Cozzani V, Barontini F, McGrath T et al. An experimental investigation into the operation of an electrically heated tobacco system. Thermochimica Acta. 2020; 684: 178475.
39. Smith MR, Clark B, Lüdicke F et al. Evaluation of the Tobacco Heating System 2.2. Part 1: Description of the system and the scientific assessment program. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2016; 81(suppl 2): S17-S26.
40. Glantz SA. Heated tobacco products: the example of IQOS. Tob Control. 2018; 27: s1-s6.
41. Lüdicke F, Haziza C, Weitkunat R et al. Evaluation of biomarkers of exposure in smokers switching to a carbon-heated tobacco product: a controlled, randomized, open-label 5-day exposure study. Nicotine Tob Res. 2016; 18: 1606-13.
42. Simonavicius E, McNeill A, Shahab L et al. Heat-not-burn tobacco products: A systematic literature review. Tob Control. 2018: 1-13. http://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054419.
43. Leigh NJ, Tran PL, O’Connor RJ et al. Cytotoxic effects of heated tobacco products (HTP) on human bronchial epithelial cells. Tob Control. 2018; 27: s26-s9. http://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054317.
44. Neilsen K, Glantz SA. A tobacco industry study of airline cabin air quality: dropping inconvenient findings. Tob Control. 2004; 13(suppl 1): i20-9.
45. Wertz MS, Kyriss T, Paranjape S et al. The toxic effects of cigarette additives. Philip Morris’ project mix reconsidered: an analysis of documents released through litigation. PLoS Med. 2011; 8: e1001145. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001145.
46. El-Toukhy S, Baig SA, Jeong M et al. Impact of Modified Risk Tobacco Product Claims on Beliefs of US Adults and Adolescents. Tob. Control. 2018; 27: s62-s9.
47. Gentzke AS, Wang TW, Jamal A et al. Tobacco Product Use Among Middle and High School Students – United States. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020; 69(50): 1881.
48. Osibogun O, Taleb ZB, Bahelah R et al. Correlates of Poly-Tobacco Use among Youth and Young Adults: Findings from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, 2013–2014. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2018; 187: 160-4.
49. Attitudes of Europeans towards tobacco and electronic cigarettes (access: 10.04.2021).
50. Program zwalczania następstw zdrowotnych używania wyrobów tytoniowych i wyrobów powiązanych w ramach Narodowego Programu Zdrowia (access: 10.04.2021).
51. Picciotto MR, Brunzell DH, Caldarone B. Effect of nicotine and nicotinic receptors on anxiety and depression. Neuroreport. 2002; 13(9): 1097-106.
52. Kim M, Watkins SL, Koester KA et al. Unboxed: US Young Adult Tobacco Users’ Responses to a New Heated Tobacco Product. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020; 17(21): 8108.
53. Sutanto E, Miller C, Smith DM et al. Prevalence, Use Behaviors, and Preferences among Users of Heated Tobacco Products: Findings from the 2018 ITC Japan Survey. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019; 16: 4630.
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