Superior efficacy of nilotinib vs imatinib in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase. ENESTnd and ENESTcmr current results analysis Review article
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Abstract
Second generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors can improve the efficacy of treatment and outcome in newly diagnosed patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase. The primary endpoint of ENESTnd trial is the comparison and assessment of major molecular response rate at 12 months in patients treated with nilotinib vs imatinib. With 4 years of follow-up, nilotinib demonstrate a superior efficacy over imatinib. In patients with CML-CP, early molecular response is associated with improved outcome. The reduction of bcr/abl level to ≤ 10% at 3 months correlated with significantly higher rates of deep molecular responses and significantly improved progression-free and overall survival. More patients achieved bcr/abl ≤ 10% and ≤ 1% at 3 months on frontline nilotinib vs imatinib. In ENESTcmr trial the percentage of patients with confirmed undetectable bcr/abl transcript or deep molecular response by 12 months achieved under nilotinib therapy in patients with complete cytogenetic response and detectable bcr/abl transcript after more than two-year treatment with imatinib has been evaluated. By 24 months, significantly more patients achieved confirmed undetectable bcr/abl and MR4,5 with switch to nilotinib. Increase in rate of undetectable bcr/abl transcript was 3 times higher on nilotinib vs imatinib from month 12 to 24. Deeper molecular responses after switch to nilotinib will probably create the possibility to participate in TKI-free remission studies for higher number of patients suffering from CML.
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References
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