6 profili klinicznych pacjentów, u których warto zastosować azytromycynę
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cze 30, 2016
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azytromycyna, dzieci, infekcje dróg oddechowych, astma
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Abstrakt
Dobór odpowiedniego antybiotyku stanowi kluczową decyzję w leczeniu infekcji bakteryjnych. Ma to olbrzymie znaczenie zwłaszcza u dzieci. W codziennej praktyce ambulatoryjnej stosujemy antybiotykoterapię empiryczną. Aby była ona skuteczna, należy precyzyjnie określić wskazania, oszacować potencjalne korzyści, spektrum działania antybiotyku i ewentualne działania niepożądane. W artykule przedstawiono profile kliniczne pacjentów (dzieci), u których warto rozważyć zastosowanie azytromycyny.
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Sybilski , A. J. (2016). 6 profili klinicznych pacjentów, u których warto zastosować azytromycynę. Alergoprofil, 12(2), 53-57. Pobrano z https://journalsmededu.pl/index.php/alergoprofil/article/view/859
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Copyright: © Medical Education sp. z o.o. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0). License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.
Address reprint requests to: Medical Education, Marcin Kuźma (marcin.kuzma@mededu.pl)
Bibliografia
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2. Parnham M.J., Erakovic Haber V., Giamarellos-Bourboulis E.J. et al.: Azithromycin: mechanisms of action and their relevance for clinical applications. Pharmacol. Ther. 2014, 143: 225-245.
3. Dzierżanowska D., Dzierżanowska-Fangrat K.: Przewodnik antybiotykoterapii 2016. Alfa Medica Press, Bielsko-Biała 2016: 28-30.
4. Hryniewicz W., Ozorowski T., Radzikowski A., Zielonka T.M. et al.: Rekomendacje postępowania w pozaszpitalnych zakażeniach układu oddechowego. Narodowy Instytut Leków, Warszawa 2010 [online: www.antybiotyki.edu.pl].
5. Esposito S., Blasi F., Bosis S. et al.: Aetiology of acute pharyngitis: the role of atypical bacteria. J. Med. Microbiol. 2004, 53: 645-651.
6. Kogan R., Martinez M.A., Rubilar L. et al.: Comparative randomized trial of azithromycin versus erythromycin and amoxicillin for treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in children. Pediatric Pulmonology 2003, 35: 91-98.
7. Biondi E., McCulloh R., Alverson B. et al.: Treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia: a systematic review. Paediatrics 2014, 133(6): 1081-1091.
8. Mulholland S., Gavranich J.B., Gillies M.B., Chang A.B.: Antibiotics for community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections secondary to Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2012, 9: CD004875.
9. Gardiner S.J., Gavranich J.B., Chang A.B.: Antibiotics for community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections secondary to Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2015, 8(1): CD004875.
10. Ovetchkine P., Rieder M.J.: Azithromycin use in paediatrics: A practical overview. Paediatr. Child. Health 2013, 18: 311-316.
11. Laopaiboon M., Panpanich R., Swa Mya K.: Azithromycin for acute lower respiratory tract infections. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2015, 8(3): CD001954.
12. Zheng S., Matzneller P., Zeitlinger M., Schmidta S.: Development of a Population Pharmacokinetic Model Characterizing the Tissue Distribution of Azithromycin in Healthy Subjects. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2014, 58: 6675-6684.
13. Matzneller P., Krasniqi S., Kinzig M. et al.: Blood, tissue, and intracellular concentrations of azithromycin during and after end of therapy. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2013, 57: 1736-1742.
14. Foulds G., Shepard R.M., Johnson R.B.: The pharmacokinetics of azithromycin in human serum and tissues. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 1990, 25 supl. A: 73-82.
15. Esposito S., Bosis S., Faelli N. et al.: Role of atypical bacteria and azithromycin therapy for children with recurrent respiratory tract infections. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2005, 24: 438-444.
16. Zuckerman J.M., Qamar F., Bono B.R.: Macrolides, ketolides and glycylcyclines: azithromycin, clarithromycin, telithromycin, tigecycline. Infect. Dis. Clin. North Am. 2009, 23: 997-1026.
17. Michalczuk M., Czarnoba A., Chudoba A. et al.: Opis doświadczeń własnych ze stosowaniem azytromycyny na Oddziale Chorób Dziecięcych i Noworodkowych CSK MSW w Warszawie. W: Czerwionka-Szaflarska M. (red.): Doświadczenia własne ośrodków klinicznych – azytromycyna. Medical Education, Warszawa 2015: 5-11.
18. Thomas A.O., Lemanske R.F. Jr, Jackson D.J.: Infections and their role in childhood asthma inception. Pediatr. Allergy Immunol. 2014, 25: 122-128.
19. Mackenzie K.J., Anderton S.M., Schwarze J.: Viral respiratory tract infections and asthma in early life; cause and effect? Clin. Exp. Allergy 2013, 44(1): 9-19.
20. Bisgaard H., Hermansen M.N., Bonnelykke K. et al.: Association of bacteria and viruses with wheezy episodes in young children: prospective birth cohort study. BMJ 2010, 341: c4978.
21. Bisgaard H., Hermansen M.N., Buchvald F. et al.: Childhood asthma after bacterial colonization of the airway in neonates. N. Engl. J. Med. 2007, 357: 1487-1495.
22. Kloepfer K.M., Lee W.M., Pappas T.E. et al.: Detection of pathogenic bacteria during rhinovirus infection is associated with increased respiratory symptoms and asthma exacerbations. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2014, 133: 1301-1307.
23. Darveaux J.I., Lemanske R.F. Jr.: Infection-related asthma. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. Pract. 2014, 2: 658-663.
24. Płusa T.: Makrolidy w antybiotykoterapii zakażeń dróg oddechowych. Pol. Merk. Lek. 2011, 31: 139-144.
25. Guz K., Bugla-Płoskońska G.: Immunomodulacyjne i przeciwzapalne właściwości wybranych antybiotyków i chemioterapeutyków. Postępy Hig. Med. Dośw. 2007, 61: 828-837.
26. Lommatzsch M., Stoll P.: Novel strategies for the treatment of asthma. Allergo J. Int. 2016, 25: 11-17.
27. Brusselle G.G., Vanderstichele C., Jordens P. et al.: Azithromycin for prevention of exacerbations in severe asthma (AZISAST): a multicentre randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Thorax 2013, 68: 322-329.
28. Ratajczak J.: 10 powodów, dla których warto stosować azytromycynę. Medycyna Faktów 2015, 8: 1-5.
29. Shorr A.F., Zilberberg M.D., Kan J. et al.: Azithromycin and survival in Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia: a retrospective study. BMJ Open. 2013, 3.
30. Romano A., Gaeta F., Poves M.F., Valluzzi R.L.: Cross-Reactivity among Beta-Lactams. Curr. Allergy Asthma Rep. 2016, 16: 24.
31. Cohen R., Reinert P., De La Rocque F. et al.: Comparison of two dosages of azithromycin for three days versus penicillin V for ten days in acute group A streptococcal tonsillopharyngitis. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2002, 21: 297-303.
32. Altamimi S., Khalil A., Khalaiwi K.A. et al.: Short-term late-generation antibiotics versus longer term penicillin for acute streptococcal pharyngitis in children. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2012, 8: CD004872.
33. Stelter K.: Tonsillitis and sore throat in children. GMS Curr. Top Otorhinolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 2014, 1: 13.
34. Kilgore P.E., Salim A.M., Zervos M.J., Schmitt H.J.: Pertussis: Microbiology, Disease, Treatment, and Prevention. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 2016, 29: 449-486.
35. Wood N., McIntyre P.: Pertussis: review of epidemiology, diagnosis, management and prevention. Paediatr. Respir. Rev. 2008, 9: 201-211.
36. Maheshwai N.: Are young infants treated with erythromycin at risk for developing hypertrophic pyloric stenosis? Arch. Dis. Child. 2007, 92: 271-273.
37. Langley J.M., Halperin S.A., Boucher F.D. et al.: Azithromycin is as effective as and better tolerated than erythromycin for the treatment of pertussis. Pediatrics 2004, 114: e96-101.
38. Spector T.B., Maziarz E.K.: Pertussis. Med. Clin. North Am. 2013, 97: 537-352.
39. Principi N., Esposito S., Cavagna R. et al.: Recurrent respiratory tract infections in pediatric age: a population-based survey of the therapeutic role of macrolides. J. Chemother. 2003, 15: 53-59.
40. Grüber C., Keil T., Kulig M. et al.: History of respiratory infections in the first 12 yr among children from a birth cohort. Pediatr. Allergy Immunol. 2008, 19: 505-512.
41. Sybilski A.J.: Frequent respiratory infections among young children – is there anything to worry about? Treatment Strategies. Paediatrics 2011, 2: 84-91.
42. Zeman K.: Nawracające zapalenia dróg oddechowych u dzieci w wieku przedszkolnym – niedobór odporności czy objawy alergii? Alergia 2003, 2: 46-50.
43. Hoiby N.: Recent advances in the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in cystic fibrosis. BMC Med. 2011, 9: 32.
44. van Delden C., Kohler T., Brunner-Ferber F. et al.: Azithromycin to prevent Pseudomonas aeruginosa ventilator-associated pneumonia by inhibition of quorum sensing: a randomized controlled trial. Intensive Care Med. 2012, 38: 1118-1125.
45. Videler W.J., Badia L., Harvey R.J. et al.: Lack of efficacy of long-term, low-dose azithromycin in chronic rhinosinusitis: a randomized controlled trial. Allergy 2011, 66: 1457-1468.
46. Pinto L.A., Pitrez P.M., Luisi F. et al.: Azithromycin therapy in hospitalized infants with acute bronchiolitis is not associated with better clinical outcomes: a randomized, double-blinded, and placebo-controlled clinical trial. J. Pediatr. 2012, 161: 1104-1108.
47. Min J.Y., Jang Y.J.: Macrolide therapy in respiratory viral infections. Mediators Inflamm. 2012, 2012: 649570.
48. Nazzari E., Torretta S., Pignataro L. et al.: Role of biofilm in children with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 2015, 34: 421-429.
49. Zielnik-Jurkiewicz B.: Biofilm a oporność bakteryjna – wyzwanie w codziennej praktyce Lekarskiej. Terapia 2014, 10: 3-10.
50. Kobayashi H.: Airway biofilms: implications for pathogenesis and therapy of respiratory tract infections. Treat. Respir. Med. 2005, 4: 241-253.
51. Hoffmann N., Lee B., Hentzer M. et al.: Azithromycin blocks quorum sensing and alginate polymer formation and increases the sensitivity to serum and stationary-growth-phase killing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and attenuates chronic P. aeruginosa lung infection in Cftr(-/-) mice. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2007, 51: 3677-3687.
52. Wang D., Wang Y., Liu Y.N.: Activity of ciprofloxacin and azithromycin on biofilms produced in vitro by Haemophilus influenzae. Chin. Med. J. (Engl.) 2009, 122: 1305-1310.
53. de Martino M., Ballotti S.: The child with recurrent respiratory infections: normal or not? Pediatr. Allergy Immunol. 2007, 18(supl. 18): 13-18.
54. Woroń J.: Leki oryginalne i generyczne w farmakoterapii, czyli dlaczego potrzebna jest indywidualizacja farmakoterapii. Forum Zaburzeń Metabolicznych 2010, 1(4): 241-247.
2. Parnham M.J., Erakovic Haber V., Giamarellos-Bourboulis E.J. et al.: Azithromycin: mechanisms of action and their relevance for clinical applications. Pharmacol. Ther. 2014, 143: 225-245.
3. Dzierżanowska D., Dzierżanowska-Fangrat K.: Przewodnik antybiotykoterapii 2016. Alfa Medica Press, Bielsko-Biała 2016: 28-30.
4. Hryniewicz W., Ozorowski T., Radzikowski A., Zielonka T.M. et al.: Rekomendacje postępowania w pozaszpitalnych zakażeniach układu oddechowego. Narodowy Instytut Leków, Warszawa 2010 [online: www.antybiotyki.edu.pl].
5. Esposito S., Blasi F., Bosis S. et al.: Aetiology of acute pharyngitis: the role of atypical bacteria. J. Med. Microbiol. 2004, 53: 645-651.
6. Kogan R., Martinez M.A., Rubilar L. et al.: Comparative randomized trial of azithromycin versus erythromycin and amoxicillin for treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in children. Pediatric Pulmonology 2003, 35: 91-98.
7. Biondi E., McCulloh R., Alverson B. et al.: Treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia: a systematic review. Paediatrics 2014, 133(6): 1081-1091.
8. Mulholland S., Gavranich J.B., Gillies M.B., Chang A.B.: Antibiotics for community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections secondary to Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2012, 9: CD004875.
9. Gardiner S.J., Gavranich J.B., Chang A.B.: Antibiotics for community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections secondary to Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2015, 8(1): CD004875.
10. Ovetchkine P., Rieder M.J.: Azithromycin use in paediatrics: A practical overview. Paediatr. Child. Health 2013, 18: 311-316.
11. Laopaiboon M., Panpanich R., Swa Mya K.: Azithromycin for acute lower respiratory tract infections. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2015, 8(3): CD001954.
12. Zheng S., Matzneller P., Zeitlinger M., Schmidta S.: Development of a Population Pharmacokinetic Model Characterizing the Tissue Distribution of Azithromycin in Healthy Subjects. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2014, 58: 6675-6684.
13. Matzneller P., Krasniqi S., Kinzig M. et al.: Blood, tissue, and intracellular concentrations of azithromycin during and after end of therapy. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2013, 57: 1736-1742.
14. Foulds G., Shepard R.M., Johnson R.B.: The pharmacokinetics of azithromycin in human serum and tissues. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 1990, 25 supl. A: 73-82.
15. Esposito S., Bosis S., Faelli N. et al.: Role of atypical bacteria and azithromycin therapy for children with recurrent respiratory tract infections. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2005, 24: 438-444.
16. Zuckerman J.M., Qamar F., Bono B.R.: Macrolides, ketolides and glycylcyclines: azithromycin, clarithromycin, telithromycin, tigecycline. Infect. Dis. Clin. North Am. 2009, 23: 997-1026.
17. Michalczuk M., Czarnoba A., Chudoba A. et al.: Opis doświadczeń własnych ze stosowaniem azytromycyny na Oddziale Chorób Dziecięcych i Noworodkowych CSK MSW w Warszawie. W: Czerwionka-Szaflarska M. (red.): Doświadczenia własne ośrodków klinicznych – azytromycyna. Medical Education, Warszawa 2015: 5-11.
18. Thomas A.O., Lemanske R.F. Jr, Jackson D.J.: Infections and their role in childhood asthma inception. Pediatr. Allergy Immunol. 2014, 25: 122-128.
19. Mackenzie K.J., Anderton S.M., Schwarze J.: Viral respiratory tract infections and asthma in early life; cause and effect? Clin. Exp. Allergy 2013, 44(1): 9-19.
20. Bisgaard H., Hermansen M.N., Bonnelykke K. et al.: Association of bacteria and viruses with wheezy episodes in young children: prospective birth cohort study. BMJ 2010, 341: c4978.
21. Bisgaard H., Hermansen M.N., Buchvald F. et al.: Childhood asthma after bacterial colonization of the airway in neonates. N. Engl. J. Med. 2007, 357: 1487-1495.
22. Kloepfer K.M., Lee W.M., Pappas T.E. et al.: Detection of pathogenic bacteria during rhinovirus infection is associated with increased respiratory symptoms and asthma exacerbations. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2014, 133: 1301-1307.
23. Darveaux J.I., Lemanske R.F. Jr.: Infection-related asthma. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. Pract. 2014, 2: 658-663.
24. Płusa T.: Makrolidy w antybiotykoterapii zakażeń dróg oddechowych. Pol. Merk. Lek. 2011, 31: 139-144.
25. Guz K., Bugla-Płoskońska G.: Immunomodulacyjne i przeciwzapalne właściwości wybranych antybiotyków i chemioterapeutyków. Postępy Hig. Med. Dośw. 2007, 61: 828-837.
26. Lommatzsch M., Stoll P.: Novel strategies for the treatment of asthma. Allergo J. Int. 2016, 25: 11-17.
27. Brusselle G.G., Vanderstichele C., Jordens P. et al.: Azithromycin for prevention of exacerbations in severe asthma (AZISAST): a multicentre randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Thorax 2013, 68: 322-329.
28. Ratajczak J.: 10 powodów, dla których warto stosować azytromycynę. Medycyna Faktów 2015, 8: 1-5.
29. Shorr A.F., Zilberberg M.D., Kan J. et al.: Azithromycin and survival in Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia: a retrospective study. BMJ Open. 2013, 3.
30. Romano A., Gaeta F., Poves M.F., Valluzzi R.L.: Cross-Reactivity among Beta-Lactams. Curr. Allergy Asthma Rep. 2016, 16: 24.
31. Cohen R., Reinert P., De La Rocque F. et al.: Comparison of two dosages of azithromycin for three days versus penicillin V for ten days in acute group A streptococcal tonsillopharyngitis. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2002, 21: 297-303.
32. Altamimi S., Khalil A., Khalaiwi K.A. et al.: Short-term late-generation antibiotics versus longer term penicillin for acute streptococcal pharyngitis in children. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2012, 8: CD004872.
33. Stelter K.: Tonsillitis and sore throat in children. GMS Curr. Top Otorhinolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 2014, 1: 13.
34. Kilgore P.E., Salim A.M., Zervos M.J., Schmitt H.J.: Pertussis: Microbiology, Disease, Treatment, and Prevention. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 2016, 29: 449-486.
35. Wood N., McIntyre P.: Pertussis: review of epidemiology, diagnosis, management and prevention. Paediatr. Respir. Rev. 2008, 9: 201-211.
36. Maheshwai N.: Are young infants treated with erythromycin at risk for developing hypertrophic pyloric stenosis? Arch. Dis. Child. 2007, 92: 271-273.
37. Langley J.M., Halperin S.A., Boucher F.D. et al.: Azithromycin is as effective as and better tolerated than erythromycin for the treatment of pertussis. Pediatrics 2004, 114: e96-101.
38. Spector T.B., Maziarz E.K.: Pertussis. Med. Clin. North Am. 2013, 97: 537-352.
39. Principi N., Esposito S., Cavagna R. et al.: Recurrent respiratory tract infections in pediatric age: a population-based survey of the therapeutic role of macrolides. J. Chemother. 2003, 15: 53-59.
40. Grüber C., Keil T., Kulig M. et al.: History of respiratory infections in the first 12 yr among children from a birth cohort. Pediatr. Allergy Immunol. 2008, 19: 505-512.
41. Sybilski A.J.: Frequent respiratory infections among young children – is there anything to worry about? Treatment Strategies. Paediatrics 2011, 2: 84-91.
42. Zeman K.: Nawracające zapalenia dróg oddechowych u dzieci w wieku przedszkolnym – niedobór odporności czy objawy alergii? Alergia 2003, 2: 46-50.
43. Hoiby N.: Recent advances in the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in cystic fibrosis. BMC Med. 2011, 9: 32.
44. van Delden C., Kohler T., Brunner-Ferber F. et al.: Azithromycin to prevent Pseudomonas aeruginosa ventilator-associated pneumonia by inhibition of quorum sensing: a randomized controlled trial. Intensive Care Med. 2012, 38: 1118-1125.
45. Videler W.J., Badia L., Harvey R.J. et al.: Lack of efficacy of long-term, low-dose azithromycin in chronic rhinosinusitis: a randomized controlled trial. Allergy 2011, 66: 1457-1468.
46. Pinto L.A., Pitrez P.M., Luisi F. et al.: Azithromycin therapy in hospitalized infants with acute bronchiolitis is not associated with better clinical outcomes: a randomized, double-blinded, and placebo-controlled clinical trial. J. Pediatr. 2012, 161: 1104-1108.
47. Min J.Y., Jang Y.J.: Macrolide therapy in respiratory viral infections. Mediators Inflamm. 2012, 2012: 649570.
48. Nazzari E., Torretta S., Pignataro L. et al.: Role of biofilm in children with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 2015, 34: 421-429.
49. Zielnik-Jurkiewicz B.: Biofilm a oporność bakteryjna – wyzwanie w codziennej praktyce Lekarskiej. Terapia 2014, 10: 3-10.
50. Kobayashi H.: Airway biofilms: implications for pathogenesis and therapy of respiratory tract infections. Treat. Respir. Med. 2005, 4: 241-253.
51. Hoffmann N., Lee B., Hentzer M. et al.: Azithromycin blocks quorum sensing and alginate polymer formation and increases the sensitivity to serum and stationary-growth-phase killing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and attenuates chronic P. aeruginosa lung infection in Cftr(-/-) mice. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2007, 51: 3677-3687.
52. Wang D., Wang Y., Liu Y.N.: Activity of ciprofloxacin and azithromycin on biofilms produced in vitro by Haemophilus influenzae. Chin. Med. J. (Engl.) 2009, 122: 1305-1310.
53. de Martino M., Ballotti S.: The child with recurrent respiratory infections: normal or not? Pediatr. Allergy Immunol. 2007, 18(supl. 18): 13-18.
54. Woroń J.: Leki oryginalne i generyczne w farmakoterapii, czyli dlaczego potrzebna jest indywidualizacja farmakoterapii. Forum Zaburzeń Metabolicznych 2010, 1(4): 241-247.