The analysis of Betula pollen season in Poland in 2019
Main Article Content
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare Betula pollen seasons in 2019 in 12 cities located in different regions of Poland. Pollen monitoring was conducted in Bialystok, Bydgoszcz, Cracow, Lublin, Olsztyn, Opole, Piotrkow Trybunalski, Sosnowiec, Szczecin, Warsaw, Wroclaw, and Zielona Gora. Airborne pollen was monitored by the volumetric method using Burkard or Lanzoni pollen samplers. Pollen season length was determined by the 98% method. The pollen season start date was recorded earliest in Wroclaw and Zielona Gora, and latest in Bialystok. The highest Betulapollen concentration values were found in Lublin, whereas the lowest ones in Bialystok. In most of the cities, the maximum daily Betula pollen concentration was recorded on April 19th or 20th. Exceptionally, in Wroclaw the peak value occurred on April 8th, while in Bialystok as late as April 29th. The annual pollen sum reached the highest values in Warsaw and the lowest ones in Bialystok. The highest risk of allergy in people sensitive to the pollen of this taxon was found in Bydgoszcz, Zielona Gora, Szczecin, Opole, and Warsaw
Downloads
Article Details
Copyright: © Medical Education sp. z o.o. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0). License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.
Address reprint requests to: Medical Education, Marcin Kuźma (marcin.kuzma@mededu.pl)
References
2. Skjøth CA, Šikoparija B, Jäger S, and EAN-Network. Pollen Sources. In: Sofiev M., KC Bergmann (eds). Allergenic Pol-len: A Review of the Production, Release, Distribution and Health Impacts. Springer Dordrecht, Heidelberg, New York, London 2013: 9-27.
3. Weryszko-Chmielewska E (ed). Pyłek roślin w aeroplanktonie różnych regionów Polski. (Pollen of plants in the aeroplank-ton of various regions of Poland). Wydawnictwo Akademii Medycznej w Lublinie, Lublin 2006.
4. Rapiejko P. Alergeny pyłku roślin. Medical Education, Warszawa 2008.
5. Sofiev M, Belmonte J, Gehrig R et al. Airborne pollen trans-port. In: Sofiev M and Bergmann KC (eds). Allergenic Pollen: A Review of the Production, Release, Distribution and Health Impacts. Springer Dordrecht, Heidelberg, New York, London 2013: 127-160.
6. Faegri K, Iversen J, Krzywiński K. Textbook of pollen analysis. Wiley, Toronto 1989.
7. Weryszko-Chmielewska E (ed): Aerobiologia. Wydawnictwo Akademii Rolniczej w Lublinie, Lublin 2007.
8. Skjøth CA, Sommer J, Stach A et al. The long-range transport of birch (Betula) pollen from Poland and Germany causes si-gnificant pre-season concentrations in Denmark. Clinical and Experimental Allergy 2007, 37: 1204-1212.
9. Siljamo P, Sofiev M, Severova E et al. Sources, impact and exchange of early-spring birch pollen in the Moscow region and Finland. Aerobiologia 2008, 24: 211-230.
10. Veriankaitė L, Siljamo P, Sofiev M et al. Modelling analysis of source regions of long range transported birch pollen that influences allergenic seasons in Lithuania. Aerobiologia 2010, 26(1): 47-62.
11. Heinzerling LM, Burbach GJ, Edenharter G et al. GA2LEN skin test study I: GA²LEN harmonization of skin prick testing: novel sensitization patterns for inhalant allergens in Europe. Allergy 2009, 64(10): 1498-1506.
12. Caillaud D, Martin S, Segala C et al. Effects of airborne birch pollen levels on clinical symptoms of seasonal allergic rhino-conjunctivitis. International Archives of Allergy and Immunology 2014, 163(1): 43-50.
13. Rapiejko P, Lipiec A, Wojdas A et al. Threshold pollen con-centration necessary to evoke allergic symptoms. Int Rev Allergol Clin 2004, 10(3): 91-93.
14. Puc M, Wolski T, Câmara Camacho I et al. Fluctuation of birch (Betula L.) pollen seasons in Poland. Acta Agrobot 2015, 68(4): 303-313.
15. Malkiewicz M, Lipiec A, Dąbrowska-Zapart K et al. Birch pollen season in southern Poland in 2017. Alergoprofil 2017, 13(3): 118-123. https://doi.org/10.24292/01.ap.200917.
16. Lipiec A, Puc M, Siergiejko G et al. The analysis of birch pollen season in northern Poland in 2017. Alergoprofil 2017, 13(4): 149-153. https://doi.org/10.24292/01.AP.231217.1.
17. Weryszko-Chmielewska E, Piotrowska-Weryszko K, Haratym W et al. Betula pollen season in southern Poland in 2016. Alergoprofil 2016, 12(2): 96-100.