Escitalopram orally-disintegrating tablets (ODT), which is the answer to the question, how we can improve the treatment of emotional disorders Review article
Article Sidebar
Published:
Sep 30, 2014
Keywords:
escitalopram ODT, orally-disintegrating tablets, tolerance, compliance improvement, high efficacy
Main Article Content
Abstract
The growing rate of depressive and anxiety disorders causes needs for more effective and more innovative solutions for patients. The modern world makes us live faster, stronger, not having time for anything, and in particular not to be ill and to treat ourselves. Current demand is for the drug that is not only able to be “happiness pill” but also works up quickly and ultimately, without slowing down the patient. It also should be the drug that can be taken at any time in privacy and comfort. The solution for the modern lifestyle and civilization diseases, like affective and anxiety disorders, seems to be escitalopram ODT, i.e. medication in the form of tablets quickly disintegrating in the mouth. Escitalopram in its classical form has become a leader in a group of antidepressants, thanks to safety of use, effectiveness and tolerability. In the form of ODT, escitalopram meets the needs put by patients to the doctors. Needs for treatment to be faster and improving quality of life.
Article Details
Issue
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright: © Medical Education sp. z o.o. License allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.
Address reprint requests to: Medical Education, Marcin Kuźma (marcin.kuzma@mededu.pl)
References
1. WHO.
2. Łoza B, Parnowski T. Nowa depresja. Nowe leczenie. Medical Education, Warszawa 2012; 56-58.
3. Angst J, Angst F, Stossen HM. Suicide risk in patients with major depressive disorders. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 1999; 60 (suppl. 2): 57-62.
4. Pużyński S. Depresje i zaburzenia afektywne. Wydawnictwo Lekarskie PZWL, Warszawa 2002; 11-18.
5. Polikowska M. Rola escitalopramu terapii zaburzeń afektywnych i lękowych w praktyce lekarza pierwszego kontaktu. Evidence Based Medicine, Medycyna Faktów. Reprint z vol./nr 4 (25)/2014.
6. Goodman WK, Bose A, Wang Q. Treatment of generalized anxiety disorder with escitalopram: pooled results from double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. J. Affect. Disord. 2005; 87: 161-167.
7. Stahl SM, Gergel I, Li D. Escitalopram in the treatment of panic disorder: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Clin Psychiatry 2003; 64: 1322-1327.
8. Leonard B, Taylor D. Escitalopram – translating molecular properties into clinical benefit: reviewing the evidence in major depression. Journal of Psychopharmacology 2010; 24: 1143-1152.
9. Łoza B. Escitalopram: odkrycie leku i jego rozwój. Neuropsychiatria. Przegląd Kliniczny 2011; 3(1): 5-14.
10. Baldwin DS, Reines EH, Guiton C, Weiller E. Escitalopram therapy for major depression and anxiety disorders. Ann Pharmacother 2007; 41: 1583-1592.
11. Pigott TA, Prakash A, Arnold LM et al. Duloxetine versus escitalopram and placebo: an 8-month, double-blind trial in patients with major depressive disorder. Curr Med Res Opin 2007; 23; 6: 1303.
12. Davidson JRT. Pharmacotherapy of social anxiety disorder: What does the evidence tell us? J Clin Psychiatry 2006; 67 (suppl. 12): 20-26.
13. Kasper S, Lemming OM, de Swart H. Escitalopram in the longtermtreatment of major depressive disorder in elderly patients. Neuropsychobiology 2006; 54: 152-159.
14. FDA/Food and Drug Administration Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (2001). FDA Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (2001).
15. Clayton AH, Croft HA, Horrigan JP et al. Bupropion extended release compared with escitalopram: effects on sexual functioning and antidepressant efficacy in 2 randomized, doubl-blind, placebo-controlled studies. J Clin Psychiatry 2006; 67: 736-746.
16. Goodman WK, Bose A, Wang Q. Treatment of generalized anxiety disorder with escitalopram: pooled results from double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. J Affect Disord 2005; 87: 161-167.
17. Cipriani A, Furukawa TA, Salanti G et al. Comparative efficacy and acceptability of 12 new-generation antidepressants: a multiple-treatments meta-analysis. Lancet 2009; 373(9665): 746-758.
18. Bech P, Lonn SL, Overo KF. Relapse prevention and residual symptoms: a closer analysis of placebo-controlled continuation studies with escitalopram in major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, and obsessive- compulsive disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 2010; 71: 121-129.
19. Cipriani A, Santilli C, Furukawa TA et al. Escitalopram versus other antidepressive agents for depression. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009; 2.
20. Chauvet-Gélinier JC. [Efficacy of escitalopram vs paroxetine on severe depression with associated anxiety: data from the “Boulenger” study]. Encephale 2010; 36(5): 425-432.
21. Bielski RJ, Ventura D, Chang CC. A double-blind comparison of escitalopram and venlafaxine extended release in the treatment of major depressive disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 2004; 65(9): 1190-1196.
22. Lam RW, Andersen HF, Wade AG. Escitalopram and duloxetine in the treatment of major depressive disorder: a pooled analysis of two trials. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2008; 23(4): 181-187.
23. Emslie GJ et al. Escitalopram in the Treatment of Adolescent Depression: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Multisite Trial J Am Academy of Child and Adolesc Psych 2009; 48(7): 721-729.
24. Otto M, Bach FW, Jensen TS et al. Escitalopram in painful polyneuropathy: A randomized, placebo controlled, cross-over trial. Pain 2008; 139(2): 275-283.
25. Rahm C, Liberg B, Kristoffersen-Wiberg M et al. Differential Effects of Single-Dose Escitalopram on Cognitive and Affective Interference during Stroop Task. Front Psychiatry 2014; 5: 21.
26. Wang L, Li K, Zhang Q et al. Short-term effects of escitalopram on regional brain function in first-episode drug-naive patients with major depressive disorder assessed by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Psychol Med 2013; 1-10.
27. Goodman WK, Bose A, Wang Q. Treatment of generalized anxiety disorder with escitalopram: pooled results from double-blind, placebo-controlled trail. J Affect Disord 2005; 87: 161-167.
28. Davidson JRT, Bose A, Wang Q. Safety and efficacy of escitalopram in the long-term treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 2005; 66: 1441-1446.
29. Czernikiewicz A, Łoza B. Długoterminowe leczenie zaburzeń depresyjnych. Warsztaty, Serock 14.06.2012. Neuropsychiatria 2012; 4.
30. Kokoszka A, Barbič-Žagar B, Brus S, Dular-Meglič T. Tabletki ulegające rozpadowi w jamie ustnej: zalety i ograniczenia użyteczności. Wiadomości Psychiatryczne 2010; 13(2): 70-77.
31. European Pharmacopoeia – 6th Edition 2008 (suppl. 6, 4).
32. Food and Drug Administration: Guidance for Industry – Orally Disintegrating Tablets. Chemistry 2007.
33. Ghosh TK, Chatterjee DJ, Pfister WR. Quick dissolving oral dosage forms: scientific and regulatory considerations from a clinical pharmacology and biopharmaceuticals perspective. Drug Delivery to the Oral Cavity: Molecules to Market 2005; 337-356.
34. Pfister WR, Ghosh TK. Intraoral delivery systems: An Overview, Current Status and Future Trends. Drug Delivery to the Oral Cavity: Molecules to Market 2005; 1-40.
35. Lindgren S, Janzon L. Dysphagia: Prevalence of swallowing complaints and clinical findings. Medical Clinics of North America 1993; 77: 3-5.
36. Ellul S. Combining technologies without compromise: taste masking + ODT + modified release. Oral Drug Delivery – When You Find The Holy Grail 2007; 16-19.
37. Jamei M, Turner D, Yang J et al. Population-Based Mechanistic Prediction of Oral Drug Absorption. The AAPS Journal 2009; vol. 11, No. 2.
38. Fass R, McCallum RW, Parkman H. Treatment Challenges in the Management of Gastroparesis-Related GERD. Gastroenterology & Hepatology 2009; 5(10) (suppl. 18).
39. Soykan I, Sivri B, Sarosiek I et al. Demography, clinical characteristics, psychological and abuse profiles, treatment, and long-term follow-up of patients with gastroparesis. Dig Dis Sci 1998; 43: 2398-2404.
40. Nowak TV, Johnson CP, Kalbfleisch JH et al. Highly variable gastric emptying in patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Gut. 1995; 37: 23-29.
41. Kong MF, Horowitz M, Jones KL et al. Natural history of diabetic gastroparesis. Diabetes Care 1999; 22: 503-507.
42. Borg J, Melander O, Johansson L et al. Gastroparesis is associated with oxytocin deficiency, oesophageal dysmotility with hyper-CCKemia, and autonomic neuropathy with hypergastrinemia. BMC Gastroenterol 2009; 9: 17.
43. Emerenziani S, Sifrim D. Gastroesophageal reflux and gastric emptying, revisited. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2005; 7: 190-195.
44. Tougas G, Earnest DL, Chen Y et al. Omeprazole delays gastric emptying in healthy volunteers: an effect prevented by tegaserod. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2005; 22: 59-65.
45. Jankowska A, Landowski P, Liberek A, Kamińska B. Artykuł poglądowy: Inhibitory pompy protonowej – czy na pewno bezpieczne? Przeg Gastroenterol 2012; 7(3): 133-137.
46. Jachowicz R, Krupa A. Tabletki ulegające rozpadowi w jamie ustnej. Kierunki badań, technologie. Farmacja Polska 2010; 66(6,7): 443-447; 521-527.
47. Nilausen et al. The perception of a new orally dispersible escitalopram tablet – in a bioequivalence study. European Psychiatry 2011; 26 (suppl. 1): 1270.
48. Wade et al. A survey of patient preferences for a placebo orodispersible tablet. Patient Preference and Adherence 2012; 6: 201-206.
49. Keith SJ, Kane JM. Partial compliance and patient consequences in schizophrenia: our patients can do better. J Clin Psych 2003; 64: 1308-1315.
50. Cramer JA, Rosenheck R. Compliance with medication regimens for mental and physical disorders. Psychiatric Services 1998; 49: 196-201.
2. Łoza B, Parnowski T. Nowa depresja. Nowe leczenie. Medical Education, Warszawa 2012; 56-58.
3. Angst J, Angst F, Stossen HM. Suicide risk in patients with major depressive disorders. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 1999; 60 (suppl. 2): 57-62.
4. Pużyński S. Depresje i zaburzenia afektywne. Wydawnictwo Lekarskie PZWL, Warszawa 2002; 11-18.
5. Polikowska M. Rola escitalopramu terapii zaburzeń afektywnych i lękowych w praktyce lekarza pierwszego kontaktu. Evidence Based Medicine, Medycyna Faktów. Reprint z vol./nr 4 (25)/2014.
6. Goodman WK, Bose A, Wang Q. Treatment of generalized anxiety disorder with escitalopram: pooled results from double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. J. Affect. Disord. 2005; 87: 161-167.
7. Stahl SM, Gergel I, Li D. Escitalopram in the treatment of panic disorder: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Clin Psychiatry 2003; 64: 1322-1327.
8. Leonard B, Taylor D. Escitalopram – translating molecular properties into clinical benefit: reviewing the evidence in major depression. Journal of Psychopharmacology 2010; 24: 1143-1152.
9. Łoza B. Escitalopram: odkrycie leku i jego rozwój. Neuropsychiatria. Przegląd Kliniczny 2011; 3(1): 5-14.
10. Baldwin DS, Reines EH, Guiton C, Weiller E. Escitalopram therapy for major depression and anxiety disorders. Ann Pharmacother 2007; 41: 1583-1592.
11. Pigott TA, Prakash A, Arnold LM et al. Duloxetine versus escitalopram and placebo: an 8-month, double-blind trial in patients with major depressive disorder. Curr Med Res Opin 2007; 23; 6: 1303.
12. Davidson JRT. Pharmacotherapy of social anxiety disorder: What does the evidence tell us? J Clin Psychiatry 2006; 67 (suppl. 12): 20-26.
13. Kasper S, Lemming OM, de Swart H. Escitalopram in the longtermtreatment of major depressive disorder in elderly patients. Neuropsychobiology 2006; 54: 152-159.
14. FDA/Food and Drug Administration Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (2001). FDA Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (2001).
15. Clayton AH, Croft HA, Horrigan JP et al. Bupropion extended release compared with escitalopram: effects on sexual functioning and antidepressant efficacy in 2 randomized, doubl-blind, placebo-controlled studies. J Clin Psychiatry 2006; 67: 736-746.
16. Goodman WK, Bose A, Wang Q. Treatment of generalized anxiety disorder with escitalopram: pooled results from double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. J Affect Disord 2005; 87: 161-167.
17. Cipriani A, Furukawa TA, Salanti G et al. Comparative efficacy and acceptability of 12 new-generation antidepressants: a multiple-treatments meta-analysis. Lancet 2009; 373(9665): 746-758.
18. Bech P, Lonn SL, Overo KF. Relapse prevention and residual symptoms: a closer analysis of placebo-controlled continuation studies with escitalopram in major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, and obsessive- compulsive disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 2010; 71: 121-129.
19. Cipriani A, Santilli C, Furukawa TA et al. Escitalopram versus other antidepressive agents for depression. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009; 2.
20. Chauvet-Gélinier JC. [Efficacy of escitalopram vs paroxetine on severe depression with associated anxiety: data from the “Boulenger” study]. Encephale 2010; 36(5): 425-432.
21. Bielski RJ, Ventura D, Chang CC. A double-blind comparison of escitalopram and venlafaxine extended release in the treatment of major depressive disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 2004; 65(9): 1190-1196.
22. Lam RW, Andersen HF, Wade AG. Escitalopram and duloxetine in the treatment of major depressive disorder: a pooled analysis of two trials. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2008; 23(4): 181-187.
23. Emslie GJ et al. Escitalopram in the Treatment of Adolescent Depression: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Multisite Trial J Am Academy of Child and Adolesc Psych 2009; 48(7): 721-729.
24. Otto M, Bach FW, Jensen TS et al. Escitalopram in painful polyneuropathy: A randomized, placebo controlled, cross-over trial. Pain 2008; 139(2): 275-283.
25. Rahm C, Liberg B, Kristoffersen-Wiberg M et al. Differential Effects of Single-Dose Escitalopram on Cognitive and Affective Interference during Stroop Task. Front Psychiatry 2014; 5: 21.
26. Wang L, Li K, Zhang Q et al. Short-term effects of escitalopram on regional brain function in first-episode drug-naive patients with major depressive disorder assessed by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Psychol Med 2013; 1-10.
27. Goodman WK, Bose A, Wang Q. Treatment of generalized anxiety disorder with escitalopram: pooled results from double-blind, placebo-controlled trail. J Affect Disord 2005; 87: 161-167.
28. Davidson JRT, Bose A, Wang Q. Safety and efficacy of escitalopram in the long-term treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 2005; 66: 1441-1446.
29. Czernikiewicz A, Łoza B. Długoterminowe leczenie zaburzeń depresyjnych. Warsztaty, Serock 14.06.2012. Neuropsychiatria 2012; 4.
30. Kokoszka A, Barbič-Žagar B, Brus S, Dular-Meglič T. Tabletki ulegające rozpadowi w jamie ustnej: zalety i ograniczenia użyteczności. Wiadomości Psychiatryczne 2010; 13(2): 70-77.
31. European Pharmacopoeia – 6th Edition 2008 (suppl. 6, 4).
32. Food and Drug Administration: Guidance for Industry – Orally Disintegrating Tablets. Chemistry 2007.
33. Ghosh TK, Chatterjee DJ, Pfister WR. Quick dissolving oral dosage forms: scientific and regulatory considerations from a clinical pharmacology and biopharmaceuticals perspective. Drug Delivery to the Oral Cavity: Molecules to Market 2005; 337-356.
34. Pfister WR, Ghosh TK. Intraoral delivery systems: An Overview, Current Status and Future Trends. Drug Delivery to the Oral Cavity: Molecules to Market 2005; 1-40.
35. Lindgren S, Janzon L. Dysphagia: Prevalence of swallowing complaints and clinical findings. Medical Clinics of North America 1993; 77: 3-5.
36. Ellul S. Combining technologies without compromise: taste masking + ODT + modified release. Oral Drug Delivery – When You Find The Holy Grail 2007; 16-19.
37. Jamei M, Turner D, Yang J et al. Population-Based Mechanistic Prediction of Oral Drug Absorption. The AAPS Journal 2009; vol. 11, No. 2.
38. Fass R, McCallum RW, Parkman H. Treatment Challenges in the Management of Gastroparesis-Related GERD. Gastroenterology & Hepatology 2009; 5(10) (suppl. 18).
39. Soykan I, Sivri B, Sarosiek I et al. Demography, clinical characteristics, psychological and abuse profiles, treatment, and long-term follow-up of patients with gastroparesis. Dig Dis Sci 1998; 43: 2398-2404.
40. Nowak TV, Johnson CP, Kalbfleisch JH et al. Highly variable gastric emptying in patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Gut. 1995; 37: 23-29.
41. Kong MF, Horowitz M, Jones KL et al. Natural history of diabetic gastroparesis. Diabetes Care 1999; 22: 503-507.
42. Borg J, Melander O, Johansson L et al. Gastroparesis is associated with oxytocin deficiency, oesophageal dysmotility with hyper-CCKemia, and autonomic neuropathy with hypergastrinemia. BMC Gastroenterol 2009; 9: 17.
43. Emerenziani S, Sifrim D. Gastroesophageal reflux and gastric emptying, revisited. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2005; 7: 190-195.
44. Tougas G, Earnest DL, Chen Y et al. Omeprazole delays gastric emptying in healthy volunteers: an effect prevented by tegaserod. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2005; 22: 59-65.
45. Jankowska A, Landowski P, Liberek A, Kamińska B. Artykuł poglądowy: Inhibitory pompy protonowej – czy na pewno bezpieczne? Przeg Gastroenterol 2012; 7(3): 133-137.
46. Jachowicz R, Krupa A. Tabletki ulegające rozpadowi w jamie ustnej. Kierunki badań, technologie. Farmacja Polska 2010; 66(6,7): 443-447; 521-527.
47. Nilausen et al. The perception of a new orally dispersible escitalopram tablet – in a bioequivalence study. European Psychiatry 2011; 26 (suppl. 1): 1270.
48. Wade et al. A survey of patient preferences for a placebo orodispersible tablet. Patient Preference and Adherence 2012; 6: 201-206.
49. Keith SJ, Kane JM. Partial compliance and patient consequences in schizophrenia: our patients can do better. J Clin Psych 2003; 64: 1308-1315.
50. Cramer JA, Rosenheck R. Compliance with medication regimens for mental and physical disorders. Psychiatric Services 1998; 49: 196-201.