Histopathology of retinal ganglion cell death and diagnosis and monitoring of glaucoma progression

Article Sidebar

PDF (Język Polski)


Published: Mar 31, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24292/01.ot.310317.06
Keywords:
histopatology of retinal ganglion cell death, perimetry, laser scanning polarimetry, laser scanning ophtalmoscopy, optical coherence tomography, retinal nerve fibre layer, ganglian cell complex, optical nerve disc

Main Article Content

Marek E. Prost
Klinika Okulistyczna, Wojskowy Instytut Medycyny Lotniczej w Warszawie
Jaromir Wasyluk
Klinika Okulistyczna, Wojskowy Instytut Medycyny Lotniczej w Warszawie

Abstract

Results of the recent experimental studies related to the microscopic damage of the different elements of retinal ganglion cells will be correlated with the possibilities and limitations of different diagnostic methods in glaucoma. The paper discusses the following imaging tests: conventional static perimetry and non-conventional perimetry tests, GDx laser polarimetry, HRT (Heidelberg Retinal Tomograph) scanning laser ophthalmoscopy as well as the RNFL (retinal nerve fibre layer), ONH (optical nerve head) and GCC (ganglion cell complex) analyses on OCT (optical coherence tomography). The individual diagnostic methods reveal glaucoma-induced damage to the different elements of retinal ganglion cells at different stages of the disease. Glaucoma diagnostics should thus be based on those different available methods. Their choice depends on the elements of ganglion cells and other parts of the eye that we wish to examine, and on whether we wish to assess early damage, advanced disease or progression of the pathological process. Combining several diagnostic methods enhances the sensitivity and specificity of glaucoma diagnosis, and improves the reliability of the follow-up process.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Article Details

How to Cite
1.
Prost ME, Wasyluk J. Histopathology of retinal ganglion cell death and diagnosis and monitoring of glaucoma progression. Ophthatherapy [Internet]. 2017Mar.31 [cited 2024Nov.22];4(1):36-1. Available from: https://journalsmededu.pl/index.php/ophthatherapy/article/view/557
Issue
Vol 4 No 1 (2017)
Section
Articles
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Copyright: © Medical Education sp. z o.o. License allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.

Address reprint requests to: Medical Education, Marcin Kuźma (marcin.kuzma@mededu.pl)

References

1. Quigley HA, Dunkelberger GR, Green WR. Retinal ganglion cell atrophy correlated with automated perimetry in human eyes with glaucoma. Am J Ophthalmol. 1989; 107: 453-64.
2. Vrabec JP, Levin LA. The neurobiology of cell death in glaucoma. Eye. 2007; 21: S11-4.
3. Budak Y, Akdoğan M. Retinal ganglion cell death. In: Rumelt S (ed). Glaucoma basic and clinical research. InTech, Rijeka 2011: 33-56.
4. Feng L, Zhao Y, Yoshida M et al. Sustained ocular hypertension induces dendritic degeneration of mouse retinal ganglion cells that depends on cell type and location. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013; 54(2): 1106-17.
5. Liu M, Duggan J, Salt TE et al. Dendritic changes in visual pathways in glaucoma and other neurodegenerative conditions. Exp Eye Res. 2011; 92: 244-50.
6. Liu M. Dendritic changes in visual pathways in glaucoma and other neurodegenerative conditions. [Praca na stopień doktora nauk medycznych]. University College London, London 2011.
7. El-Danaf RN, Huberman AD. Characteristic patterns of dendritic remodeling in early-stage glaucoma: evidence from genetically identified retinal ganglion cell types. J Neurosci. 2015; 35: 2329-43.
8. Lakkis G. The ganglion cell complex and glaucoma. Pharma. 2014; 3: 28-32.
9. Huang XR, Bagga H, Greenfield DS et al. Variation of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer birefringence in normal human subjects. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2004; 45: 3073-80.
10. Fortune B, Cull GA, Burgoyne CF. Relative course of RNFL birefringence, RNFL thickness and retinal function changes after optic nerve transection. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2008; 49: 10: 4444-52.
11. Nickells RW. Mechanisms of retinal ganglion cell death. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012; 53: 2476-81.
12. Calkins DJ, Horner PJ. The Cell and Molecular Biology of Glaucoma: Axonopathy and the brain. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012; 53: 2482-3.
13. Yücel YH, Zhang Q, Gupta N et al. Loss of neurons in magnocellular and parvocellular layers of the lateral geniculate nucleus in glaucoma. Arch Ophthalmol. 2000; 118: 378-84.
14. Karaśkiewicz J, Lubiński W, Penkala K. Electrophysiological tests in evaluation of glaucoma and ocular hypertension treatment – up to date knowledge. A review. Klin Oczna. 2013; 115: 148-51.
15. Liu S, Yu M, Weinreb RN et al. Frequency-doubling technology perimetry for detection of the development of visual field defects in glaucoma suspect eyes: a prospective study. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014; 132: 77-83.
16. Cordeiro MF, Migdal C, Bloom P et al. Imaging apoptosis in the eye. Eye. 2011; 25: 545-53.
17. Werkmeister RM, Cherecheanu AP, Garhofer G et al. Imaging of retinal ganglion cells in glaucoma: pitfalls and challenges. Cell Tissue Res. 2013; 353: 261-8.
18. Pircher M, Hitzenberger CK, Schmidt-Erfurth U. Polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography in the human eye. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2011; 30: 431-51.