Mitral valve prolapse Review article
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Abstract
Mitral valve prolapse (also known as “Barlow’s syndrome”) is the most common heart valve abnormality, affecting 1 to 2,5 percent of the world population. It occurs as a clinical entity with or without thickening and with or without mitral regurgitation. Most people with mitral valve prolapse have no symptoms, however, those who do commonly complain of: palpitations, atypical chest pain, dyspnea, fatigue and neuropsychiatric complaints. The primary diagnostic evaluation of the patient with MVP is the physical examination with the presence of midsystolic click as a principal auscultatory feature and a late systolic murmur of mitral regurgitation. Echocardiography is the most useful diagnostic and prognostic tool. The vast majority of patients with mitral valve prolapse have an excellent prognosis and need no treatment, but the small subset will develop serious complications. Physicians caring for patients with prolapse should identify patients who are at higher risk for complication, attempt to prevent them and optimize the timing for mitral valve surgery, if necessary.
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