E-cigarettes: an effective way to quit smoking or another addiction? Review article
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Published:
Dec 31, 2014
Keywords:
cigarette, electronic cigarette, e-cigarette, ENDS, nicotine, NRT
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Abstract
E-cigarettes are relatively new devices, which task is to provide the body with small doses of nicotine smoking ritual behavior. It seems that the use of e-cigarettes is associated with less exposure to the substances harmful to health, compared with cigarette smoking. Furthermore, ENDS may serve as an alternative to NRT, or as a supplement, which creates the possibility reducing cigarettes smoking in the population. However, only large randomized studies may dispel any doubts and questions about safety of using ENDS.
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Dziliński , P., & Lewandowski , J. (2014). E-cigarettes: an effective way to quit smoking or another addiction?. Cardiology in Practice, 8(4), 32-38. Retrieved from https://journalsmededu.pl/index.php/kwp/article/view/1483
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Copyright: © Medical Education sp. z o.o. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0). License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.
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References
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31. Dawkins L., Turner J., Roberts A. et al.: “Vaping” profiles and preferences: an online survey of electronic cigarette users. Addiction 2013; 108: 1115-1125.
32. Vickerman K.A., Carpenter K.M., Altman T. et al.: Use of electronic cigarettes among state tobacco cessation quitline callers. Nicotine Tob. Res. 2013; 15: 1787-1791.
33. Adkison S.E., O’Connor R.J., Bansal-Travers M. et al.: Electronic nicotine delivery systems: international tobacco control fourcountry survey. Am. J. Prev. Med. 2013; 44: 207-215.
34. Bullen C., Howe C., Laugesen M. et al.: Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2013; 382: 1629-1637.
35. Pirie K. et al.: The 21st century hazards of smoking and benefitts of stopping. Lancet 27.10.2012.
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2. WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2011. Online.
3. Schroeder S.A.: New evidence that cigarette smoking remains the most important health hazard. N. Engl. J. Med. 2013; 368(4): 389-390
4. WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2008. Online.
5. Ezzati, M., Henley S.J., Thun M.J. et al.: Role of smoking in global and regional cardiovascular mortality. Circulation 2005; 112(4): 489-497.
6. Ezzati M., Henley S.J., Lopez A.D. et al.: Role of smoking in global and regional cancer epidemiology: current patterns and data needs. Int. J. Cancer 2005; 116(6): 963-971.
7. Fowles J., Dybing E.: Application of toxicological risk assessment principles to the chemical constituents of cigarette smoke. Tob. Control 12(4): 424-430.
8. The health consequences of involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke: a report of the Surgeon General (PDF). Atlanta, U.S., page 93: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health 2006. Retrieved 2009.02.15.
9. Korenman S.G.: Epidemiology of erectile dysfunction. Endocrine 2004; 23(2-3): 87-91.
10. Peate I.: The effects of smoking on the reproductive health of men. British Journal of Nursing 2005; 14(7): 362-366.
11. US Department of Health and Human Services. Preventing Tobacco Use Among Young People A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta: US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health 1994.
12. Anthony J.C., Warner L.A., Kessler R.C.: Comparative epidemiology of dependence on tobacco, alcohol, controlled substances, and inhalants: basic findings from the National Comorbidity Survey. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology 1994; 2(3): 244-268.
13. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Cigarette smoking among adults United States 2002. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 2004; 53(20): 427-431.
14. Szczeklik A. (red.): Choroby wewnętrzne. Kraków 2006.
15. Hubbard B., Lewis S., Smith C. et al.: Use of nicotine replacement therapy and the risk of acute myocardial infraction, stroke, and death. Tob. Control 2005; 14(6): 416-421.
16. Bhatnagar A., Whitsel L.P., Ribisl K.M. et al.; American Heart Association Advocacy Coordinating Committee, Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke
Nursing, Council on Clinical Cardiology, and Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research. Electronic cigarettes: a policy statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2014; 130(16): 1418-1436.
17. Bullen C., Howe C., Laugesen M. et al.: Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2013; 382: 1629-1637.
18. Flouris A.D., Chorti M.S., Poulianiti K.P. et al.: Acute impact of active and passive electronic cigarette smoking on serum cotinine and lung function. Inhal. Toxicol. 2013; 25: 91-101.
19. Polosa R., Morjaria J., Caponnetto P. et al.: Effect of smoking abstinence and reduction in asthmatic smokers switching to electronic cigarettes: evidence for harm reversal. Int. J. Environ. Res Public Health 2014; 11: 4965-4977.
20. Farsalinos K., Polosa R.: Safety evaluation and risk assessment of electronic cigarettes as tobacco cigarette substitutes: a systematic review. Ther. Adv. Drug Saf. 2014; 5: 67-86.
21. Monroy A., Hommel E., Smith S.T., Raji M.: Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation following electronic cigarette use in an elderly woman. Clin. Geriatr. 2012; 20: 28-32.
22. Vansickel A.R., Eissenberg T.: Electronic cigarettes: effective nicotine delivery after acute administration. Nicotine Tob. Res. 2013; 15: 267-270.
23. Farsalinos K.E., Spyrou A., Tsimopoulou K. et al.: Nicotine absorption from electronic cigarette use: comparison between first and new-generation devices. Sci. Rep. 2014; 4: 4133.
24. Goniewicz M.L., Kuma T., Gawron M. et al.: Nicotine levels in electronic cigarettes, Nicotine Tob. Res. 2013; 15(1): 158-166.
25. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US); National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (US); Office on Smoking and Health (US). How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease: The Biology and Behavioral Basis for Smoking-Attributable Disease: A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2010.
26. Murray R.P., Bailey W.C., Daniels K. et al.; Lung Health Study Research Group. Safety of nicotine polacrilex gum used by 3,094 participants in the Lung Health Study. Chest 1996; 109: 438-445.
27. Hubbard R., Lewis S., Smith C. et al.: Use of nicotine replacement therapy and the risk of acute myocardial infarction, stroke, and death. Tob. Control. 2005; 14: 416-421.
28. Schripp T., Markewitz D., Uhde E. et al.: Does e-cigarette consumption cause passive vaping? Indoor Air 2013; 23: 25-31.
29. Schober W., Szendrei K., Matzen W. et al.: Use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) impairs indoor air quality and increases FeNO levels of e-cigarette consumers. Int. J. Hyg. Environ Health 2014; 217(6): 628-637.
30. Brown J., Beard E., Kotz D. et al.: Real-world effectiveness of e-cigarettes when used to aid smoking cessation: a cross-sectional population study. Addiction 2014; 109(9): 1531-1540.
31. Dawkins L., Turner J., Roberts A. et al.: “Vaping” profiles and preferences: an online survey of electronic cigarette users. Addiction 2013; 108: 1115-1125.
32. Vickerman K.A., Carpenter K.M., Altman T. et al.: Use of electronic cigarettes among state tobacco cessation quitline callers. Nicotine Tob. Res. 2013; 15: 1787-1791.
33. Adkison S.E., O’Connor R.J., Bansal-Travers M. et al.: Electronic nicotine delivery systems: international tobacco control fourcountry survey. Am. J. Prev. Med. 2013; 44: 207-215.
34. Bullen C., Howe C., Laugesen M. et al.: Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2013; 382: 1629-1637.
35. Pirie K. et al.: The 21st century hazards of smoking and benefitts of stopping. Lancet 27.10.2012.
36. Yusuf S. et al.: Interheart, Lancet 2004, 364: 937.