Circulatory shock Review article
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Published:
Mar 31, 2015
Keywords:
circulatory shock, cardiac arrest, resuscitation
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Abstract
The article discusses current definition, patomechanisms and the most frequent clinical scenarios of circulatory shock. It describes proper therapeutic course of action and proper steps during cardiac arrest according to the most recent knowledge. Furthermore, it shows additional measurements that can be done in this group of patients in order to improve efficacy of monitoring and treatment.
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Laszuk , M., Różańska , M., Kosior , D. A., & Możeńska , O. (2015). Circulatory shock. Cardiology in Practice, 9(1), 40-46. Retrieved from https://journalsmededu.pl/index.php/kwp/article/view/1356
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright: © Medical Education sp. z o.o. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0). License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.
Address reprint requests to: Medical Education, Marcin Kuźma (marcin.kuzma@mededu.pl)
References
1. Sakr Y., Reinhart K., Vincent J.L. et al.: Does dopamine administration in shock influence outcome? Results of the Sepsis Occurrence in Acutely Ill Patients (SOAP) Study. Crit. Care Med. 2006; 34(3): 589-597.
2. Vincent J.L., Ince C., Bakker J.: Clinical review: Circulatory shock – an update: a tribute to Professor Max Harry Weil. Crit Care 2012; 16(6): 239.
3. Weil M.H., Shubin H.: Proposed reclassification of shock states with special reference to distributive defects. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 1971; 23(0): 13-23.
4. De Backer D., Biston P., Devriendt J. et al.: Comparison of dopamine and norepinephrine in the treatment of shock. N. Engl. J. Med. 2010; 362(9): 779-789.
5. Labovitz A.J., Noble V.E., Bierig M. et al.: Focused cardiac ultrasound in the emergent setting: a consensus statement of the American Society of Echocardiography and American College of Emergency Physicians. J. Am. Soc. Echocardiogr. 2010; 23(12): 1225-1230.
6. Vincent J.L., Rhodes A., Perel A. et al.: Clinical review: Update on hemodynamic monitoring – a consensus of 16. Crit. Care 2011; 15(4): 229.
7. Weil M.H., Shubin H.: The “VIP” approach to the bedside management of shock. JAMA 1969; 207(2): 337-340.
8. Marik P.E., Cavallazzi R., Vasu T. et al.: Dynamic changes in arterial waveform derived variables and fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients: a systematic review of the literature. Crit. Care Med. 2009; 37(9): 2642-2647.
9. Vincent J.L., Weil M.H.: Fluid challenge revisited. Crit. Care Med. 2006; 34(5): 1333-1337.
10. Delaney A.P., Dan A., McCaffrey J. et al.: The role of albumin as a resuscitation fluid for patients with sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit. Care Med. 2011; 39(2): 386-391.
11. Dellinger, R.P., Levy M.M., Rhodes A. et al.: Surviving Sepsis Campaign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock, 2012. Intensive Care Med. 2013; 39(2): 165-228.
12. Bellomo R., Chapman M., Finfer S. et al.: Low-dose dopamine in patients with early renal dysfunction: a placebo-controlled randomised trial. Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society (ANZICS) Clinical Trials Group. Lancet 2000; 356(9248): 2139-2143.
13. De Backer D., Biston P., Devriendt J. et al.: Dopamine versus norepinephrine in the treatment of septic shock: a meta-analysis. Crit. Care Med. 2012; 40(3): 725-730.
14. Annane D., Vignon P., Renault A. et al.: Norepinephrine plus dobutamine versus epinephrine alone for management of septic shock: a randomised trial. Lancet 2007; 370(9588): 676-684.
15. Levy B., Bollaert P.E., Charpentier C. et al.: Comparison of norepinephrine-dobutamine to epinephrine for hemodynamics, lactate metabolism, and organ function variables in cardiogenic shock. A prospective, randomized pilot study. Crit. Care Med. 2011; 39(3): 450-455.
16. Myburgh J.A., Higgins A., Jovanovska A. et al.; CAT Study investigators: A comparison of epinephrine and norepinephrine in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med. 2008; 34(12): 2226-2234.
17. Alexander J.H., Reynolds H.R., Stebbins A.L.; TRIUMPH Investigators: Effect of tilarginine acetate in patients with acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock: the TRIUMPH randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2007; 297(15): 1657-1666.
18. López A., Lorente J.A., Steingrub J. et al.: Multiple-center, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor 546C88: effect on survival in patients with septic shock. Crit. Care Med. 2004; 32(1): 21-30.
19. Russell J.A., Walley K.R., Singer J. et al.: Vasopressin versus norepinephrine infusion in patients with septic shock. N. Engl. J. Med. 2008; 358(9): 877-887.
20. Russell J.A., Walley K.R., Gordon A.C. et al.: Interaction of vasopressin infusion, corticosteroid treatment, and mortality of septic shock. Crit. Care Med. 2009; 37(3): 811-818.
21. De Backer D., Creteur J., Dubois M.J. et al.: The effects of dobutamine on microcirculatory alterations in patients with septic shock are independent of its systemic effects. Crit. Care Med. 2006; 34(2): 403-408.
22. Jansen T.C., van Bommel J., Schoonderbeek F.J. et al.: Early lactate-guided therapy in intensive care unit patients: a multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled trial. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2010; 182(6): 752-761.
23. Thiele H., Zeymer U., Neumann F.J. et al.: Intraaortic balloon support for myocardial infarction with cardiogenic shock. N. Engl. Med. 2012; 367(14): 1287-1296.
24. Combes A., Costa M.A., Trouillet J.L. et al.: Outcomes and long-term quality-of-life of patients supported by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for refractory cardiogenic shock. Crit. Care Med. 2008; 36(5): 1404-1411.
25. Vincent J.L.: Understanding cardiac output. Crit. Care 2008; 12(4): 174.
26. Rivers E., Nguyen B., Havstad S. et al.: Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. N. Engl. J. Med. 2001; 345(19): 1368-1377.
27. Vincent J.L., Dufaye P., Berre J. et al.: Serial lactate determinations during circulatory shock. Crit. Care Med. 1983; 11(6): 449-451.
28. De Backer D., Hollenberg S., Boerma C. et al.: How to evaluate the microcirculation: report of a round table conference. Crit. Care 2007; 11(5): R101.
29. Sakr Y., Dubois M.J., De Backer D. et al.: Persistent microcirculatory alterations are associated with organ failure and death in patients with septic shock. Crit. Care Med. 2004; 32(9): 1825-1831.
30. Gomez H., Torres A., Polanco P. et al.: Use of non-invasive NIRS during a vascular occlusion test to assess dynamic tissue O(2) saturation response. Intensive Care Med. 2008; 34(9): 1600-1607.
31. Creteur J., Carollo T., Soldati G. et al.: The prognostic value of muscle StO2 in septic patients. Intensive Care Med. 2007; 33(9): 1549-1556.
32. Rivers E.P., Kruse J.A., Jacobsen G. et al.: The influence of early hemodynamic optimization on biomarker patterns of severe sepsis and septic shock. Crit. Care Med. 2007; 35(9): 2016-2024.
33. Correa T.D., Vuda M., Blaser A.R. et al.: Effect of treatment delay on disease severity and need for resuscitation in porcine fecal peritonitis. Crit. Care Med. 2012; 40(10): 2841-2849.
2. Vincent J.L., Ince C., Bakker J.: Clinical review: Circulatory shock – an update: a tribute to Professor Max Harry Weil. Crit Care 2012; 16(6): 239.
3. Weil M.H., Shubin H.: Proposed reclassification of shock states with special reference to distributive defects. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 1971; 23(0): 13-23.
4. De Backer D., Biston P., Devriendt J. et al.: Comparison of dopamine and norepinephrine in the treatment of shock. N. Engl. J. Med. 2010; 362(9): 779-789.
5. Labovitz A.J., Noble V.E., Bierig M. et al.: Focused cardiac ultrasound in the emergent setting: a consensus statement of the American Society of Echocardiography and American College of Emergency Physicians. J. Am. Soc. Echocardiogr. 2010; 23(12): 1225-1230.
6. Vincent J.L., Rhodes A., Perel A. et al.: Clinical review: Update on hemodynamic monitoring – a consensus of 16. Crit. Care 2011; 15(4): 229.
7. Weil M.H., Shubin H.: The “VIP” approach to the bedside management of shock. JAMA 1969; 207(2): 337-340.
8. Marik P.E., Cavallazzi R., Vasu T. et al.: Dynamic changes in arterial waveform derived variables and fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients: a systematic review of the literature. Crit. Care Med. 2009; 37(9): 2642-2647.
9. Vincent J.L., Weil M.H.: Fluid challenge revisited. Crit. Care Med. 2006; 34(5): 1333-1337.
10. Delaney A.P., Dan A., McCaffrey J. et al.: The role of albumin as a resuscitation fluid for patients with sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit. Care Med. 2011; 39(2): 386-391.
11. Dellinger, R.P., Levy M.M., Rhodes A. et al.: Surviving Sepsis Campaign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock, 2012. Intensive Care Med. 2013; 39(2): 165-228.
12. Bellomo R., Chapman M., Finfer S. et al.: Low-dose dopamine in patients with early renal dysfunction: a placebo-controlled randomised trial. Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society (ANZICS) Clinical Trials Group. Lancet 2000; 356(9248): 2139-2143.
13. De Backer D., Biston P., Devriendt J. et al.: Dopamine versus norepinephrine in the treatment of septic shock: a meta-analysis. Crit. Care Med. 2012; 40(3): 725-730.
14. Annane D., Vignon P., Renault A. et al.: Norepinephrine plus dobutamine versus epinephrine alone for management of septic shock: a randomised trial. Lancet 2007; 370(9588): 676-684.
15. Levy B., Bollaert P.E., Charpentier C. et al.: Comparison of norepinephrine-dobutamine to epinephrine for hemodynamics, lactate metabolism, and organ function variables in cardiogenic shock. A prospective, randomized pilot study. Crit. Care Med. 2011; 39(3): 450-455.
16. Myburgh J.A., Higgins A., Jovanovska A. et al.; CAT Study investigators: A comparison of epinephrine and norepinephrine in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med. 2008; 34(12): 2226-2234.
17. Alexander J.H., Reynolds H.R., Stebbins A.L.; TRIUMPH Investigators: Effect of tilarginine acetate in patients with acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock: the TRIUMPH randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2007; 297(15): 1657-1666.
18. López A., Lorente J.A., Steingrub J. et al.: Multiple-center, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor 546C88: effect on survival in patients with septic shock. Crit. Care Med. 2004; 32(1): 21-30.
19. Russell J.A., Walley K.R., Singer J. et al.: Vasopressin versus norepinephrine infusion in patients with septic shock. N. Engl. J. Med. 2008; 358(9): 877-887.
20. Russell J.A., Walley K.R., Gordon A.C. et al.: Interaction of vasopressin infusion, corticosteroid treatment, and mortality of septic shock. Crit. Care Med. 2009; 37(3): 811-818.
21. De Backer D., Creteur J., Dubois M.J. et al.: The effects of dobutamine on microcirculatory alterations in patients with septic shock are independent of its systemic effects. Crit. Care Med. 2006; 34(2): 403-408.
22. Jansen T.C., van Bommel J., Schoonderbeek F.J. et al.: Early lactate-guided therapy in intensive care unit patients: a multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled trial. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2010; 182(6): 752-761.
23. Thiele H., Zeymer U., Neumann F.J. et al.: Intraaortic balloon support for myocardial infarction with cardiogenic shock. N. Engl. Med. 2012; 367(14): 1287-1296.
24. Combes A., Costa M.A., Trouillet J.L. et al.: Outcomes and long-term quality-of-life of patients supported by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for refractory cardiogenic shock. Crit. Care Med. 2008; 36(5): 1404-1411.
25. Vincent J.L.: Understanding cardiac output. Crit. Care 2008; 12(4): 174.
26. Rivers E., Nguyen B., Havstad S. et al.: Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. N. Engl. J. Med. 2001; 345(19): 1368-1377.
27. Vincent J.L., Dufaye P., Berre J. et al.: Serial lactate determinations during circulatory shock. Crit. Care Med. 1983; 11(6): 449-451.
28. De Backer D., Hollenberg S., Boerma C. et al.: How to evaluate the microcirculation: report of a round table conference. Crit. Care 2007; 11(5): R101.
29. Sakr Y., Dubois M.J., De Backer D. et al.: Persistent microcirculatory alterations are associated with organ failure and death in patients with septic shock. Crit. Care Med. 2004; 32(9): 1825-1831.
30. Gomez H., Torres A., Polanco P. et al.: Use of non-invasive NIRS during a vascular occlusion test to assess dynamic tissue O(2) saturation response. Intensive Care Med. 2008; 34(9): 1600-1607.
31. Creteur J., Carollo T., Soldati G. et al.: The prognostic value of muscle StO2 in septic patients. Intensive Care Med. 2007; 33(9): 1549-1556.
32. Rivers E.P., Kruse J.A., Jacobsen G. et al.: The influence of early hemodynamic optimization on biomarker patterns of severe sepsis and septic shock. Crit. Care Med. 2007; 35(9): 2016-2024.
33. Correa T.D., Vuda M., Blaser A.R. et al.: Effect of treatment delay on disease severity and need for resuscitation in porcine fecal peritonitis. Crit. Care Med. 2012; 40(10): 2841-2849.