Prevention of cognitive disorders in patients with arterial hypertension – the role of antihypertensive drugs and vinpocetine Review article
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Published:
Dec 31, 2015
Keywords:
arterial hypertension, cognitive impairment, vinpocetine
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Abstract
Cognitive impairment is an increasingly common problem affecting Polish society. Both epidemiological and prospective studies demonstrated that long-standing hypertension can lead to impaired cognitive functions and development of symptoms of dementia. Basing on current research, we can suppose that effective antihypertensive therapy significantly reduces the risk of these changes in patients with hypertension. At the same time it should be emphasized that the cognitive impairment which coexists with hypertension can worsen cooperation with the patient, leading to ineffective antihypertensive therapy and increasing the risk of many complications. Results of clinical and preclinical trials indicate a possible use of vinpocetine in such cases due to its beneficial effect on cognitive functions.
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Barylski , M., & Berkowicz , T. (2015). Prevention of cognitive disorders in patients with arterial hypertension – the role of antihypertensive drugs and vinpocetine. Cardiology in Practice, 9(4), 23-31. Retrieved from https://journalsmededu.pl/index.php/kwp/article/view/1330
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References
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3. Skoog I., Lernfelt B., Landahl S.: 15-year longitudinal study of blood pressure and dementia. Lancet 1996; 347: 1141-1145.
4. Elias M.E., Wolf P.A., D’Agostino R.B.: Untreated blood pressure level is inversely related to cognitive functioning: the Framingham Study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 1993; 138: 353-364.
5. Tzourio C., Dufouil C., Ducimetiere P., Alperovitsch A.: Cognitive decline in individuals with high blood pressure. Neurology 1999; 53: 1948-1952.
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7. Elias P.K., Elias M.F., Robbins M.A., Budge M.M.: Blood pressure-related cognitive decline: does age make a difference? Hypertension 2004; 44: 631-636.
8. Suhr J.A., Stewart J.C., France C.R.: The relationship between blood pressure and cognitive performance in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survery (NHANES III). Psychosom. Med. 2004; 66: 291-297.
9. Kuo H.K., Yen C.J., Chang C.H. et al.: Relation of C-reactive protein to stroke, cognitive disorders, and depression in the general population: systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Neurol. 2005; 4(6): 371-380.
10. Bellew K.M., Pigeon J.G., Stang P.E. et al.: Hypertension and the rate of cognitive decline in patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type. Dis. Assoc. Disord. 2004; 18(4): 208-213.
11. Launer L.J., Masaki K., Petrovitch H. et al.: The association between midlife blood pressure levels and late-life cognitive function. JAMA 1995; 274: 1846-1851.
12. Launer L.J., Ross G.W., Petrovitch H. et al.: Midlife blood pressure levels and dementia: the Honolulu-Asia aging study. Neurobiol. Aging. 2000; 21: 49-55.
13. Korf E.S., White L.R., Scheltens P., Launer L.J.: Midlife blood pressure and the risk of hippocampal atrophy. The Honolulu Asia Aging Study. Hypertension 2004; 44: 29-34.
14. Manolio T.A., Olson J., Longstreth W.T.: Nadciśnienie tętnicze a funkcje poznawcze: patofizjologiczny wpływ nadciśnienia tętniczego na mózg. Medycyna po Dyplomie 2004; 13(15): 88-98.
15. Jennings J.R.: Autoregulation of blood pressure and thought: preliminary results of an application of brain amaging to psychosomatic medicine. Psychosom. Med. 2003; 65: 384-395.
16. Mulvany M.J.: Small artery remodeling and significance in the development of hypertension. New Physiol. Sci. 2002; 17: 105-109.
17. van Dijk W.J., Breteler M.M.B., Schmidt R. et al.; CASCADE Consortium: The association between blood pressure, hypertension, and cerebral white matter lesions: cardiovascular determinants of dementia study. Hypertension 2004; 44: 625-630.
18. Majeski E.I., Widener C.E., Basile J.: Hypertension and dementia: does blood pressure control favorably affect cognition? Curr. Hypertens. Rep. 2004; 6: 357-362.
19. Di Bari M., Pahor M., Franse L.V.: Dementia and disability outcomes in large hypertension trials: lessons learned from the systolic hypertension in elderly program (SHEP) trial. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2001; 153: 72-78.
20. The PROGRESS Collaborative Group: Effects of blood pressure lowering with perindopril and idapamide therapy on dementia and cognitive decline in patients with cerebrovascular disease. Arch. Intern. Med. 2003; 163: 1069-1075.
21. Forette F., Seux M.I., Staessen J.A.: The prevention of dementia with antihypertensive treatment: new evidence from the Systolic Hypertension in Europe (Syst-Eur) Study. Arch. Intern. Med. 2002; 162: 2046-2052.
22. Lithell H., Hansson L., Skoog I. et al.: The Study on COgnition and Prognosis in the Elderly (SCOPE); outcomes in patients not receiving add-on therapy after randomization. J. Hypertension 2004; 22: 1605-1612.
23. Lithell H., Hansson L., Skoog I.: The Study on COgnition and Prognosis in the Elderly (SCOPE); principal results of a randomized double-blind intervention trial. J. Hypertens. 2003; 21: 875-886.
24. Feigin V., Ratnasabapathy Y., Anderson C.: Does blood pressure lowering treatment prevents dementia or cognitive decline in patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease? J. Neurol. Sci. 2005; 229-230: 151-155.
25. McGuinness B., Todd S., Passmore P.: The effects of blood pressure lowering on development of cognitive impairment and dementia in patients without apparent prior cerebrovascular disease. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2006; 2: CD004034.
26. Birkenhäger W.H., Staessen J.A.: Progress in cardiovascular diseases: cognitive function in essential hypertension. Prog. Cardiovascular Dis. 2006; 49: 1-10.
27. Birns J., Morris R., Donaldson N., Kalra L.: The Effects of blood pressure reduction on cognitive function: a review of effects based on pooled data from clinical trials. J. Hypertens. 2006; 24: 1907-1914.
28. Peters R., Beckett N., Forette F. et al.; HYVET investigators.: Incident dementia and blood pressure lowering in the Hypertension in the Very Elderly Trial cognitive function assessment (HYVET-COG): a double-blind, placebo controlled trial. Lancet Neurol. 2008; 7: 683-689.
29. Gao Y., O’Caoimh R., Healy L. et al.: Effects of centrally acting ACE inhibitors on the rate of cognitive decline in dementia. BMJ Open 2013; 3pii: e002881.
30. Solfrizzi V., Scafato E., Frisardi V. et al.; Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging Working Group: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and incidence of mild cognitive impairment. The Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Age (Dordr) 2013; 35: 441-453.
31. Guo Z., Fratiglioni L., Zhu L. et al.: Occurrence and progression of dementia in a community population aged 75 years and older: relationship of antihypertensive medication use. Arch. Neurol. 1999; 56: 991-996.
32. Hagström B., Mattsson B., Rost I.M., Gunnarsson R.K.: What happened to the prescriptions? A single, short, standardized telephone call may increase compliance. Fam. Pract. 2004; 21: 46-50.
33. Grodzicki T., Gryglewski R., Tomasik T. et al.: Zasady postępowania w nadciśnieniu tętniczym w wieku podeszłym. Wytyczne Kolegium Lekarzy Rodzinnych w Polsce, Polskiego Towarzystwa Nadciśnienia Tętniczego, Polskiego Towarzystwa Gerontologicznego. Gerontol. Pol. 2012; 20(4): 119-147.
34. Kiss B., Karpati E.: Mechanism of action of vinpocetine. Acta Pharm. Hung. 1996; 66: 213-224.
35. Berkowicz T.: Winpocetyna w codziennej praktyce klinicznej – znane wskazania i nowe perspektywy terapii. Prz. Lek. 2012; supl. 4: 1-4.
36. Lamar J.C., Poignet H., Beaughard M.: Calcium antagonist activity of vinpocetine and vincamine in several models of cerebral ischemia. Drug Develop. Res. 1988; 14: 297-304.
37. Krieglstein J., Rischke R.: Vinpocetine increases the neuroprotective effect of adenosine in vitro. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 1991; 205: 7-10.
38. Rischke R., Krieglstein J.: Effects of vinpocetine on local cerebralblood flow and glucose utilization seven days after forebrain ischemia in the rat. Pharmacology 1990; 41: 153-160.
39. Karpati E., Szporny L.: General and cerebral haemodynamic activity of ethyl apovincaminate. Arzneimittelforschung 1976; 26: 1908-1912.
40. DeNoble V.J., Repetti S.J., Gelpke L.W. et al.: Vinpocetine: nootropic effects on scopolamine-induced and hypoxia-induced retrieval deficits of a stepthrough passive avoidance response in rats. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 1986; 24(4): 1123-1128.
41. Deshmukh R., Sharma V., Mehan S. et al.: Amelioration of intracerebroventricular streptozotocin induced cognitive dysfunction and oxidative stress by vinpocetine – a PDE1 inhibitor. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 2009; 620: 49-56.
42. Balestreri R., Fontana L., Astengo F.: A double-blind placebo controlled evaluation of the safety and efficacy of vinpocetine in the treatment of patients with chronic vascular senile cerebral dysfunction. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 1987; 35(5): 425-430.
43. Szatmari S.Z., Whitehouse P.J.: Vinpocetine for cognitive impairment and dementia. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2003; 1: CD003119.
44. Nagy Z., Varga P., Kovacs L. et al.: Cavinton metaanalizis. Krónikus cerebrovascularis betegségek per os vinpocetin kezeléséről folytatott dupla vak, placebo kontrollált vizsgálatok metaanalizise. Praxis 1998; 7: 63-68.
45. Ogunrin A.O.: Effect of Vinpocetine (Cognitol™) on Cognitive Performances of a Nigerian Population. Ann. Med. Health Sci. Res. 2014; 4: 654-661.
46. Valikovics A.: [Investigation of the effect of vinpocetine on cerebral blood flow and cognitive functions]. Ideggyogy Sz. 2007; 60(7-8): 301-310.
47. Valikovics A., Csanyi A., Nemeth L.: Study of the effects of vinpocetin on cognitive functions. Idegyogy Sz. 2012; 65: 115-120.
2. Kilander L., Nyman H., Boberg M., Lithell H.: Hypertension is related to cognitive impairment: a 20-year follow-up study of 999 men. Hypertension 1998; 31: 780-786.
3. Skoog I., Lernfelt B., Landahl S.: 15-year longitudinal study of blood pressure and dementia. Lancet 1996; 347: 1141-1145.
4. Elias M.E., Wolf P.A., D’Agostino R.B.: Untreated blood pressure level is inversely related to cognitive functioning: the Framingham Study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 1993; 138: 353-364.
5. Tzourio C., Dufouil C., Ducimetiere P., Alperovitsch A.: Cognitive decline in individuals with high blood pressure. Neurology 1999; 53: 1948-1952.
6. Launer L.J., Masaki K., Petrovitch H. et al.: The association between midlife blood pressure levels and late-life cognitive function. The Honolulu-Asia Aging Study. JAMA 2004; 292: 2237-2242.
7. Elias P.K., Elias M.F., Robbins M.A., Budge M.M.: Blood pressure-related cognitive decline: does age make a difference? Hypertension 2004; 44: 631-636.
8. Suhr J.A., Stewart J.C., France C.R.: The relationship between blood pressure and cognitive performance in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survery (NHANES III). Psychosom. Med. 2004; 66: 291-297.
9. Kuo H.K., Yen C.J., Chang C.H. et al.: Relation of C-reactive protein to stroke, cognitive disorders, and depression in the general population: systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Neurol. 2005; 4(6): 371-380.
10. Bellew K.M., Pigeon J.G., Stang P.E. et al.: Hypertension and the rate of cognitive decline in patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type. Dis. Assoc. Disord. 2004; 18(4): 208-213.
11. Launer L.J., Masaki K., Petrovitch H. et al.: The association between midlife blood pressure levels and late-life cognitive function. JAMA 1995; 274: 1846-1851.
12. Launer L.J., Ross G.W., Petrovitch H. et al.: Midlife blood pressure levels and dementia: the Honolulu-Asia aging study. Neurobiol. Aging. 2000; 21: 49-55.
13. Korf E.S., White L.R., Scheltens P., Launer L.J.: Midlife blood pressure and the risk of hippocampal atrophy. The Honolulu Asia Aging Study. Hypertension 2004; 44: 29-34.
14. Manolio T.A., Olson J., Longstreth W.T.: Nadciśnienie tętnicze a funkcje poznawcze: patofizjologiczny wpływ nadciśnienia tętniczego na mózg. Medycyna po Dyplomie 2004; 13(15): 88-98.
15. Jennings J.R.: Autoregulation of blood pressure and thought: preliminary results of an application of brain amaging to psychosomatic medicine. Psychosom. Med. 2003; 65: 384-395.
16. Mulvany M.J.: Small artery remodeling and significance in the development of hypertension. New Physiol. Sci. 2002; 17: 105-109.
17. van Dijk W.J., Breteler M.M.B., Schmidt R. et al.; CASCADE Consortium: The association between blood pressure, hypertension, and cerebral white matter lesions: cardiovascular determinants of dementia study. Hypertension 2004; 44: 625-630.
18. Majeski E.I., Widener C.E., Basile J.: Hypertension and dementia: does blood pressure control favorably affect cognition? Curr. Hypertens. Rep. 2004; 6: 357-362.
19. Di Bari M., Pahor M., Franse L.V.: Dementia and disability outcomes in large hypertension trials: lessons learned from the systolic hypertension in elderly program (SHEP) trial. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2001; 153: 72-78.
20. The PROGRESS Collaborative Group: Effects of blood pressure lowering with perindopril and idapamide therapy on dementia and cognitive decline in patients with cerebrovascular disease. Arch. Intern. Med. 2003; 163: 1069-1075.
21. Forette F., Seux M.I., Staessen J.A.: The prevention of dementia with antihypertensive treatment: new evidence from the Systolic Hypertension in Europe (Syst-Eur) Study. Arch. Intern. Med. 2002; 162: 2046-2052.
22. Lithell H., Hansson L., Skoog I. et al.: The Study on COgnition and Prognosis in the Elderly (SCOPE); outcomes in patients not receiving add-on therapy after randomization. J. Hypertension 2004; 22: 1605-1612.
23. Lithell H., Hansson L., Skoog I.: The Study on COgnition and Prognosis in the Elderly (SCOPE); principal results of a randomized double-blind intervention trial. J. Hypertens. 2003; 21: 875-886.
24. Feigin V., Ratnasabapathy Y., Anderson C.: Does blood pressure lowering treatment prevents dementia or cognitive decline in patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease? J. Neurol. Sci. 2005; 229-230: 151-155.
25. McGuinness B., Todd S., Passmore P.: The effects of blood pressure lowering on development of cognitive impairment and dementia in patients without apparent prior cerebrovascular disease. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2006; 2: CD004034.
26. Birkenhäger W.H., Staessen J.A.: Progress in cardiovascular diseases: cognitive function in essential hypertension. Prog. Cardiovascular Dis. 2006; 49: 1-10.
27. Birns J., Morris R., Donaldson N., Kalra L.: The Effects of blood pressure reduction on cognitive function: a review of effects based on pooled data from clinical trials. J. Hypertens. 2006; 24: 1907-1914.
28. Peters R., Beckett N., Forette F. et al.; HYVET investigators.: Incident dementia and blood pressure lowering in the Hypertension in the Very Elderly Trial cognitive function assessment (HYVET-COG): a double-blind, placebo controlled trial. Lancet Neurol. 2008; 7: 683-689.
29. Gao Y., O’Caoimh R., Healy L. et al.: Effects of centrally acting ACE inhibitors on the rate of cognitive decline in dementia. BMJ Open 2013; 3pii: e002881.
30. Solfrizzi V., Scafato E., Frisardi V. et al.; Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging Working Group: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and incidence of mild cognitive impairment. The Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Age (Dordr) 2013; 35: 441-453.
31. Guo Z., Fratiglioni L., Zhu L. et al.: Occurrence and progression of dementia in a community population aged 75 years and older: relationship of antihypertensive medication use. Arch. Neurol. 1999; 56: 991-996.
32. Hagström B., Mattsson B., Rost I.M., Gunnarsson R.K.: What happened to the prescriptions? A single, short, standardized telephone call may increase compliance. Fam. Pract. 2004; 21: 46-50.
33. Grodzicki T., Gryglewski R., Tomasik T. et al.: Zasady postępowania w nadciśnieniu tętniczym w wieku podeszłym. Wytyczne Kolegium Lekarzy Rodzinnych w Polsce, Polskiego Towarzystwa Nadciśnienia Tętniczego, Polskiego Towarzystwa Gerontologicznego. Gerontol. Pol. 2012; 20(4): 119-147.
34. Kiss B., Karpati E.: Mechanism of action of vinpocetine. Acta Pharm. Hung. 1996; 66: 213-224.
35. Berkowicz T.: Winpocetyna w codziennej praktyce klinicznej – znane wskazania i nowe perspektywy terapii. Prz. Lek. 2012; supl. 4: 1-4.
36. Lamar J.C., Poignet H., Beaughard M.: Calcium antagonist activity of vinpocetine and vincamine in several models of cerebral ischemia. Drug Develop. Res. 1988; 14: 297-304.
37. Krieglstein J., Rischke R.: Vinpocetine increases the neuroprotective effect of adenosine in vitro. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 1991; 205: 7-10.
38. Rischke R., Krieglstein J.: Effects of vinpocetine on local cerebralblood flow and glucose utilization seven days after forebrain ischemia in the rat. Pharmacology 1990; 41: 153-160.
39. Karpati E., Szporny L.: General and cerebral haemodynamic activity of ethyl apovincaminate. Arzneimittelforschung 1976; 26: 1908-1912.
40. DeNoble V.J., Repetti S.J., Gelpke L.W. et al.: Vinpocetine: nootropic effects on scopolamine-induced and hypoxia-induced retrieval deficits of a stepthrough passive avoidance response in rats. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 1986; 24(4): 1123-1128.
41. Deshmukh R., Sharma V., Mehan S. et al.: Amelioration of intracerebroventricular streptozotocin induced cognitive dysfunction and oxidative stress by vinpocetine – a PDE1 inhibitor. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 2009; 620: 49-56.
42. Balestreri R., Fontana L., Astengo F.: A double-blind placebo controlled evaluation of the safety and efficacy of vinpocetine in the treatment of patients with chronic vascular senile cerebral dysfunction. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 1987; 35(5): 425-430.
43. Szatmari S.Z., Whitehouse P.J.: Vinpocetine for cognitive impairment and dementia. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2003; 1: CD003119.
44. Nagy Z., Varga P., Kovacs L. et al.: Cavinton metaanalizis. Krónikus cerebrovascularis betegségek per os vinpocetin kezeléséről folytatott dupla vak, placebo kontrollált vizsgálatok metaanalizise. Praxis 1998; 7: 63-68.
45. Ogunrin A.O.: Effect of Vinpocetine (Cognitol™) on Cognitive Performances of a Nigerian Population. Ann. Med. Health Sci. Res. 2014; 4: 654-661.
46. Valikovics A.: [Investigation of the effect of vinpocetine on cerebral blood flow and cognitive functions]. Ideggyogy Sz. 2007; 60(7-8): 301-310.
47. Valikovics A., Csanyi A., Nemeth L.: Study of the effects of vinpocetin on cognitive functions. Idegyogy Sz. 2012; 65: 115-120.