The effect of caffeine contained in energy drink on selected parameters of central blood pressure Original article
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Abstract
Introduction: The popularity of energy drink consumption shows a steady upward trend among people around the world. Excessive intake of caffeine contained in food products is associated with an increase in the risk of cardiovascular issues. One of the potential pathomechanisms involved in this process is the effect of caffeine on the central blood pressure.
Purpose of work: The aim of the work was to evaluate the effects of caffeine contained in the popular energy drink on the heart rate and the central pressure values in young adults.
Material and methods: 20 healthy subjects aged 18–30 years old (9 men), who were randomised to the study, who had selected haemodynamic parameters before and after ingestion of 500 ml of an energy drink (NE) containing 150 mg of caffeine or 500 ml of an aromatic and non-caffeine beverage containing flavours (NN). Two studies with different drinks were carried out in each of the volunteers, and the allocation of fluid was made in the blinded and random manner. The study looked at systolic peripheral and central blood pressure (pSBP, cSBP), diastolic peripheral and central blood pressure (pDBP, cDBP), central pressure amplification factor (Aix), and heart rate (HR).
Results: Between 60 and 180 minutes of study time, higher values of pSBP and cSBP were found in the NE group as compared to NN group (123.9 ± 13.4 vs. 120.3 ± 13.8 mmHg, p < 0.001; 112.7 ± 10.9 vs. 109.8 ± 11.1, p = < 0.001) and pDBP and cDBP (79.3 ± 7.6 vs. 76.3 ± 7.7 mmHg, p < 0.001; 81.1 ± 7.8 vs. 77.8 ± 7.8 mmHg, p < 0.001). There were no differences in Aix values (15.6 ± 12.6 vs. 14.4 ± 11.2, p = 0.161), and heart rate (69.6 ± 10.7 vs. 70.9 ± 11.7/min, p = 0.05).
Conclusion: The negative effects of caffeine on the circulatory system may result from the increase in central pressure which more than the peripheral pressure increases the follow-up load of the left ventricle. However, there were no differences in the gain factor that better than the blood pressure values correlate with mortality in the different patient
groups.
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Copyright: © Medical Education sp. z o.o. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0). License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.
Address reprint requests to: Medical Education, Marcin Kuźma (marcin.kuzma@mededu.pl)
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