Hyponatraemia in psychiatric hospital: laboratory measures and course of illness in psychotic inpatients, 3-year follow-up Original article
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Abstract
Aim: We present preliminary results of cross-sectional survey aimed to describe hyponatraemia among patients hospitalized in psychiatric units.
Methodology: Data were obtained from electronic database SOLMED containing all measures of sodium serum concentration made among inpatients in 3 years (2006–2008) periods as soon as electronic charts. Using a case-control study design, correlations between duration and frequency of hospitalizations and the risk of hyponatremia were assessed.
Groups: We found 15 676 psychiatric admissions near-equally distributed during three-year period with 2006 in excess. Patients with psychotic disorders F2x were mostly represented (25–32% per year) with prominent paranoid schizophrenia diagnosis (F20.0, 20–22% per year). 16 925 sodium blood measures were performed, mainly in patients with psychosis (F2x, 20%, n = 4876), alcohol dependency (F1x, 17%) and depression (F32–33, 10%) with slightly higher frequency in females than males. In the group of measures in patients with F2x diagnosis, 2 most frequent subdiagnoses were paranoid schizophrenia (70%) and schizoaffective disorder (15%). We randomly selected 30 patients with psychosis and hyponatremia on admission, compared with 40 patients suffering for psychosis without hyponatremia as controls.
Results: 7.3% prevalence of hyponatremia in all sodium measures in psychiatric units and 1.8% in measures with F2x diagnosis (with 1.1% in paranoid schizophrenia F20.0 subgroup). Hyponatremia was two-times more frequent in measures in women than men. All patients with hyponatremia on admission have significantly more prolonged duration of illness and higher frequency of hospitalization.
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Address reprint requests to: Medical Education, Marcin Kuźma (marcin.kuzma@mededu.pl)
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